Drug poisoning: what to do, how to quickly help an addict

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Attention! The material contains information about substances, the use of which can cause serious harm to your health!

Drug addicts often experience an overdose of psychotropic drugs. This occurs due to an increase in the dose familiar to the body or if a person has taken a substance of unknown composition. Poisoning with psychostimulants leads to serious negative consequences, and sometimes even death.

• What are psychostimulants?
• The effect of psychostimulants on the body
• Signs of psychostimulant use
• Types of psychostimulants
• Psychomotor stimulants
• Natural psychostimulants
• Synthetic psychostimulants
• CNS stimulants
• Medical stimulants
• List of psychostimulants
• Phenylalkylamines
• Nootropics
• Adaptogens
• Caffeine
• Cocaine
• Ecstasy
• Antidepressants
• Poisoning with psychostimulants: dangers of use
• Hyperthermia during intoxication
• Signs of overdose
• Withdrawal syndrome when taking stimulants
• How to ease withdrawal?
• Detoxification
• Drug therapy
• Formation of dependence on psychostimulants
• Test
• Treatment of addiction in the clinic
• Ambulatory treatment
• Rehabilitation

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How to organize treatment if the patient does not want to go to the hospital?

An alcoholic does not want to be treated - the most common problem for relatives who want to do something about a problem situation. The catch is in the laws of the country, which reliably protect the rights to voluntary treatment. It’s not so easy to admit an addict to a hospital! If the patient is an adult, treatment for alcoholism can only be voluntary - in an inpatient or outpatient setting; the law cannot force or force a person to undergo treatment. Relatives can only persuade, convince, or resort to other options in order to change the patient’s view of the situation. More often than not, persuasion yields nothing; the frightening picture that loved ones paint does not impress the alcoholic.

note

In any case, the option of compulsory treatment is available, which gives hope to those who are concerned.

Timely hospitalization gives positive results if the following actions :

• Remove dangerous toxins from the body;
• Apply medicinal treatment methods;
• Use psychological influence.

These are the main tasks of specialists who make it possible to reduce and gradually completely eliminate an alcoholic’s craving for alcoholic beverages. An equally important task is to eliminate the dangerous consequences of long-term alcohol consumption.

It is a rare alcoholic who is able to pull himself together and, of his own free will, give up alcohol, begin treatment and complete it safely. Most often, everything suits him, but it is his loved ones who suffer and try to help. In this case, we have to resort to a radical form - to create conditions for compulsory treatment.

Signs of psychostimulant use

With regular use of psychostimulant drugs, a person’s behavior and appearance begin to change, and the functioning of internal organs is also disrupted. It is necessary to highlight the main signs that indicate drug addiction:

• The pupils are dilated or, on the contrary, narrow, and do not respond to light.
• The skin takes on a pale appearance and becomes dry.
• Dry mouth, sores appear.
• A person does not take care of his appearance and becomes unkempt.
• Weight loss due to loss of appetite.
• Sleep is disturbed.

Also, drug addicts become indifferent to their usual activities and lose interest in what is happening around them. Their circle of friends changes, injection marks appear on their arms or legs.

MOTIVATION OF A DEPENDENT FOR TREATMENT

Content:

1. Signs indicating severe intoxication
2. What to do in case of severe alcohol intoxication with vomiting
3. Prohibitions to remember
4. How to treat alcohol poisoning with vomiting in a narcological hospital
5. What to do after overcoming alcohol poisoning with vomiting on your own

Any alcoholic drink (even with a low ethanol content) can cause acute intoxication
. Therefore, you should not drink alcohol. People who understand what ethyl alcohol does to internal organs and metabolic processes often decide to give it up forever. And this is the only right decision that can be made regarding strong drinks.

Very often, after a feast, alcohol intoxication and vomiting occur, which does not stop for a long time. It is very dangerous. Treatment of such poisoning at home is not always possible. But for fear of publicity about their problem, those who have been poisoned prefer to hush up the disease. You can't do that.

It is unacceptable to wait for your health to stabilize on its own, since the desired outcome may not occur. Everyone should know: very severe vomiting due to alcohol poisoning is an indication for receiving qualified drug treatment.

Types of psychostimulants

All drugs with psychostimulant effects are divided into two main groups: plant and synthetic origin. Synthetic substances cause particular harm to the body.

Psychomotor stimulants

Psychomotor substances can increase mental activity. When addiction develops, irreversible processes occur in a person, which end in complete degradation of the individual. Such drugs include:

• Caffeine.
• Sidnocarb.
• Meridil.
• Phenamine.

Psychomotor stimulants temporarily activate mental and physical activity. A person's need for rest decreases.

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Natural psychostimulants

There is an impressive list of plants from which psychostimulant substances are extracted. They are used to produce medicines that can influence the human psyche and increase performance. Herbal stimulants grow in different parts of the world. Among the most famous and potent plants are:

• Aralia.
• Rhodiola.
• Ephedra.
• Eleutherococcus.
• Cola.

Synthetic psychostimulants

Synthetic drugs are manufactured artificially. These psychoactive substances cause persistent addiction and destroy the human nervous system and internal organs. The most famous psychostimulants include:

• Amphetamine and methamphetamine.
• Cocaine.
• Ecstasy.
• Ephedrine.

CNS stimulants

Central nervous system stimulants include substances that can increase a person’s endurance and eliminate the feeling of fatigue. With such drugs, people become more active and do not need sleep or rest. This group includes:

• Meridil.
• Methamphetamines and amphetamines.
• Mesocarb.
• Caffeine.

Medical stimulants

Medical psychostimulants are used to treat many diseases. Piracetam is prescribed to people after a stroke to restore speech and motor activity. Phenotropil, produced by Russian pharmacists, improves memory, gives a boost of vivacity and energy. The drug madofinil is intended to combat narcolepsy. Some medical stimulants are prohibited for use in Russia.

List of psychostimulants

The group of psychostimulants contains a large number of drugs that differ in their effects on the body and the consequences of use.

Phenylalkylamines

Under the influence of drugs from the phenylalakylamine group, a person becomes active and can work for a long time without feeling tired. The absence of limits leads to complete exhaustion of the body.

Nootropics

This group has not yet been fully studied by scientists. The psychostimulant has a strong effect on the central nervous system. The main effect is the ability of nootropics to improve memory and increase mental activity of the brain. The drugs are prescribed for senile dementia or people with mental retardation.

Adaptogens

Adaptogens are able to weaken reactions to stressful situations and improve the body’s recovery processes. When using this group of stimulants, mental and physical performance increases.

Caffeine

Caffeine is one of the mildest psychostimulants. Used to feel invigorated, a person loses lethargy and weakness. Caffeine can slightly increase the level of performance and normalize concentration.

Cocaine

A natural stimulant made from coca leaves. Cocaine passes through the lungs into the bloodstream, then enters the brain. Cocaine provokes increased performance, decreased appetite and sleep disturbances. The drug quickly leads to persistent addiction, which can only be gotten rid of in a clinic.

TREATMENT OF COCAINE ADDICTION

Ecstasy

The stimulant drug causes frequent hallucinations, feelings of euphoria and happiness. The narcotic drug is often beyond the means of experienced drug addicts, so they switch to cheaper analogues such as heroin or amphetamine. Distributors sell the drug in the form of tablets of various colors.

Antidepressants

Medicines are intended to treat disorders of the nervous system. With the help of antidepressants, people's emotional background is normalized, memory and brain activity are improved. Addiction to such drugs gives a completely opposite effect.

What to do in case of severe alcohol intoxication with vomiting

The first thing you need to do is call a narcologist to your home.

This service can be obtained for money at a private narcology clinic. After contacting her, no one will register you.

Upon arrival to the patient, the doctor will immediately carry out the necessary therapeutic and preventive measures. But, if the patient’s condition causes concern, he will be taken to the hospital. It is very important that the poisoned person remains conscious throughout the entire treatment.

While the doctor is on the way, it is necessary to provide first aid to the person. To do this you should:

1. Lay him on his left side.
   This simple technique will prevent vomit from entering the respiratory tract.
2. Unfasten the top buttons of your clothes and open the window.
   Then it will become easier for the addict to breathe.
3. In case of fainting, place a cotton ball soaked in ammonia to the drinker’s nose.
   After inhaling ammonia vapors, he will come to his senses.
4. Perform gastric lavage.
   This measure can only be used when treating people who are conscious and behaving adequately. A good solution for washing is a weak (caustic pink) solution of potassium permanganate. It must be drunk in an amount of at least one liter, and then pressed with your fingers on the root of the tongue. Some people think that the rich pink shade of the composition is more effective. This is wrong. If the concentration of potassium permanganate is high, a burn will occur to the mucous membranes of the pharynx, stomach, and intestines.
5. Apply cold to the occipital area.
   Thanks to this, the gag reflex becomes less pronounced. It is clear that not every apartment has ice, so you need to improvise. Anything frozen or foods taken out of the refrigerator can be used as a compress.

Despite the simplicity of the methods listed, they are effective. Therefore, there is no need to forget about them.

It happens that the volume of alcohol taken is so high that a person loses consciousness. His heart stops. There is no need to despair. You should immediately begin chest compressions and artificial respiration. If resuscitation measures are not carried out, the poisoned person will die without waiting for the drug treatment ambulance.

Poisoning with psychostimulants: dangers of use

Psychostimulant drugs affect the cells of the nervous system, so the mental state of drug addicts changes. When poisoning occurs, the body experiences severe stress and destructive processes occur. If medical attention is not provided, an overdose can lead to death.

REMOVAL AT HOME

Hyperthermia during intoxication

In case of an overdose of stimulant drugs, an increase in body temperature is observed. Hyperthermia during intoxication can lead to the development of renal failure, hypotension, neurological consequences and death.

Signs of overdose

Poisoning with psychostimulants is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• The appearance of an anxious state.
• Limb spasms, tremors.
• Malfunctions of the heart.
• Strong headache.
• Fainting state.

Intoxication with psychotropics has a strong negative effect on the brain and heart function. An overdose often leads to a heart attack, and irreversible changes occur in the brain.

3.How do you know if you have food poisoning?

Since most poisonings are quite easily tolerated, people do not always turn to doctors about this. Usually the assumption of food poisoning is made if people who eat the same food get sick at the same time.

If the symptoms of poisoning are severe enough - there is severe vomiting or diarrhea

, or your health condition does not improve within a few days, it is better to consult a doctor. The doctor will be able to accurately determine the cause of the illness and say whether it is really poisoning. You may need to do blood and stool tests for an accurate diagnosis.

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Literature:

• Alcoholism, drug addiction and other mental and behavioral disorders associated with the use of psychoactive substances. Textbook / L.M. Bardenstein et al. - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2015. - 96 p.
• Bolotovsky, I. S. Drug addiction. Substance abuse / I.S. Bolotovsky. - M.: Kazan University Publishing House, 2006. - 96 p.
• Medical, social and economic consequences of drug addiction and alcoholism / E.A. Koshkina and others - M.: PER SE, 2008. - 288 p.
• Miroshnichenko, L. D. Drugs and drug addiction. Encyclopedic Dictionary: monograph. / L.D. Miroshnichenko. - M.: PERO, 2014. - 404 p.

Article verified by an expert

Terekhova Anna Vladimirovna

psychologist-consultant on socio-psychological work with addicted clients and their families. More than 10 years of experience.

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One comment on “Psychostimulants: the danger of poisoning”

1. X:

   September 2, 2021 at 02:05

   The main danger of drug poisoning is the inhibition of the central nervous system, which can be fatal. At the same time, an overdose is individual for each person and depends on a number of factors, primarily on the method of entry of the drug into the body. With intravenous injections, the drug instantly spreads throughout the body, causing the most severe intoxication. In people with chronic diseases, the first signs of drug poisoning occur in a complicated form. And the combination of several groups of narcotic drugs significantly complicates diagnosis and treatment.

   Answer