What does Diflucan help with?
The medication is prescribed to be taken if there is a fungal infection on the genitals of women. Diflucan is effective against vaginal candidiasis.
The drug should also be taken for various other fungal infections associated with the spread of Candida fungus. This disease can be provoked by prolonged use of antibiotics and immunosuppressive treatment. The medicine may also be prescribed for preventive purposes.
Other indications include: cryptococcosis, nail fungus, mycotic skin lesions. The drug is prescribed to both women and men.
Pharmacology and pharmacodynamics
Diflucan belongs to the category of antifungal drugs. The active component effectively copes with various fungi. When taking 50 mg daily for a month, the level of steroid concentration in girls and testosterone in men will not change.
The medication is well absorbed into the digestive system and demonstrates high bioavailability when administered orally. The concentration in the blood is more than 90%. The timing of meals does not affect the activity of the active substance in any way. The maximum content in the blood occurs after 30-80 minutes. Half-life occurs after 30 hours. The effect of taking the drug lasts for 24 hours.
The active component penetrates well into the skin, tissues and internal organs. An increased amount of the active substance is observed in the sweat glands and skin (more than in the blood). It is excreted unchanged by the kidneys.
How to take Diflucan
In the presence of a fungal infection, it will be sufficient to use 150 mg of the drug. For vaginal candidiasis, you need to take 1 capsule. If the disease is chronic, then you need to take the medication in the same amount once every 4 weeks. For prophylactic purposes, the dosage is similar. The duration of therapy can be determined by a specialist, taking into account the characteristics of the disease. In some cases, the dose can be increased to 400 mg, and the therapeutic course can last 1 month.
Diflucan, 2 mg/ml, solution for intravenous administration, 50 ml, 1 pc.
Capsules: orally, swallow whole. Solution for intravenous administration: intravenous, in the form of infusion (at a rate of no more than 10 ml/min). Suspension: inside. Therapy can be started pending results of cultures and other laboratory tests. However, anti-infective therapy will need to be modified accordingly once the results of these studies become known. Fluconazole can be taken orally or administered intravenously by infusion at a rate of no more than 10 ml/min. The choice of route of administration depends on the clinical condition of the patient. When transferring a patient from intravenous to oral administration of the drug or vice versa, no change in the daily dose is required. In a solution for intravenous administration, fluconazole is dissolved in 0.9% sodium chloride solution; Each 200 mg (100 ml bottle) contains 15 mmol Na+ and Cl-. Therefore, in patients who require sodium or fluid restriction, the rate of fluid administration must be considered. The daily dose of Diflucan® depends on the nature and severity of the fungal infection. For vaginal candidiasis, in most cases, a single dose of the drug is effective. For infections that require repeated administration of an antifungal drug, treatment should be continued until clinical or laboratory signs of active fungal infection disappear. Patients with AIDS and cryptococcal meningitis or recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis usually require supportive care to prevent recurrence of infection. Use in adults 1. For cryptococcal meningitis and cryptococcal infections of other localization, 400 mg is usually prescribed on the 1st day, and then treatment is continued at a dose of 200–400 mg once a day. The duration of treatment for cryptococcal infections depends on the presence of clinical and mycological effect; For cryptococcal meningitis, treatment is usually continued for at least 6–8 weeks. To prevent relapse of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS, after completing the full course of primary treatment, therapy with Diflucan® at a dose of 200 mg/day can be continued for a very long period. 2. For candidemia, disseminated candidiasis and other invasive candidal infections, the dose is usually 400 mg on the 1st day, then 200 mg/day. Depending on the severity of the clinical effect, the dose can be increased to 400 mg/day. The duration of therapy depends on clinical effectiveness. 3. For oropharyngeal candidiasis, the drug is usually prescribed at a dose of 50–100 mg once a day for 7–14 days. If necessary, in patients with severe suppression of immune function, treatment can be continued for a longer time. For atrophic oral candidiasis associated with wearing dentures, the drug is usually prescribed at a dose of 50 mg once a day for 14 days in combination with local antiseptics for the treatment of the denture. For other candidiasis infections of the mucous membranes (with the exception of genital candidiasis, see below), such as esophagitis, non-invasive bronchopulmonary infections, candiduria, candidiasis of the skin and mucous membranes, etc., the effective dose is usually 50-100 mg / day at Duration of treatment is 14–30 days. To prevent relapses of oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients with AIDS after completing the full course of primary therapy, Diflucan® can be prescribed 150 mg once a week. 4. For vaginal candidiasis, Diflucan® is prescribed once orally in a dose of 150 mg. To reduce the frequency of relapses of vaginal candidiasis, the drug can be used at a dose of 150 mg once a month. The duration of therapy is determined individually; it varies from 4 to 12 months. Some patients may require more frequent use of the drug. Single dose use in children under 18 years of age and in patients over 60 years of age is not recommended without a doctor's prescription. For balanitis caused by Candida, Diflucan® is prescribed as a single dose of 150 mg orally. 5. For the prevention of candidiasis, the recommended dose of Diflucan® is 50–400 mg once a day, depending on the degree of risk of developing a fungal infection. For patients at high risk of generalized infection, for example with severe or long-lasting neutropenia, the recommended dose is 400 mg once daily. Diflucan® is prescribed a few days before the expected development of neutropenia and after the number of neutrophils increases to more than 1000 per mm3, treatment is continued for another 7 days. 6. For skin infections, including mycoses of the feet, smooth skin, groin area and candidiasis infections, the recommended dose is 150 mg once a week or 50 mg once a day. The duration of therapy is usually 2–4 weeks, however, for mycoses of the feet, longer therapy (up to 6 weeks) may be required. For pityriasis versicolor, the recommended dose is 300 mg once a week for 2 weeks; some patients require a third dose of 300 mg/week, while for some patients a single dose of 300–400 mg is sufficient. An alternative treatment regimen is to use the drug 50 mg once a day for 2–4 weeks. For tinea unguium (onychomycosis), the recommended dose is 150 mg once a week. Treatment should be continued until the infected nail is replaced (the uninfected nail regrows). Fingernails and toenails typically take 3–6 and 6–12 months to re-grow, respectively. However, growth rate can vary widely between individuals and also depending on age. After successful treatment of long-standing chronic infections, a change in the shape of the nails is sometimes observed. 7. For deep endemic mycoses, it may be necessary to use the drug at a dose of 200–400 mg/day for up to 2 years. The duration of therapy is determined individually; it is 11–24 months for coccidioidomycosis; 2–17 months - for paracoccidioidomycosis; 1–16 months for sporotrichosis and 3–17 months for histoplasmosis. Use in children As with similar infections in adults, the duration of treatment depends on the clinical and mycological effect. For children, the daily dose of the drug should not exceed that for adults. Diflucan® is used daily, once a day. For candidiasis of the mucous membranes, the recommended dose of Diflucan® is 3 mg/kg/day. On the first day, in order to more quickly achieve constant Css, a loading dose of 6 mg/kg can be prescribed. For the treatment of generalized candidiasis and cryptococcal infection, the recommended dose is 6–12 mg/kg/day, depending on the severity of the disease. For the prevention of fungal infections in patients with suppressed immunity, in whom the risk of developing infection is associated with neutropenia developing as a result of cytotoxic chemotherapy or radiation therapy, the drug is prescribed at 3-12 mg/kg/day, depending on the severity and duration of persistence of induced neutropenia ( see dosage for adults; for children with renal failure, see dosage for patients with renal failure). Use in children 4 weeks of age or less In newborns, fluconazole is excreted slowly. In the first 2 weeks of life, the drug is prescribed at the same dose (in mg/kg) as for older children, but with an interval of 72 hours. For children aged 3 and 4 weeks, the same dose is administered with an interval of 48 hours. Use in the elderly people In the absence of signs of renal failure, the drug is prescribed at the usual dose. In patients with renal failure (Cl creatinine <50 ml/min), the dose of the drug is adjusted as described below. Use in patients with renal failure Fluconazole is excreted mainly in the urine unchanged. With a single dose, no dose change is required. In patients (including children) with impaired renal function with repeated use of the drug, a loading dose of 50 to 400 mg should be initially administered, after which the daily dose (depending on the indication) is set as follows: Creatinine clearance, ml/min Percentage of recommended dose >50 100% <50 (without dialysis) 50% Regular dialysis 100% (after each dialysis) Instructions for preparing the suspension for oral administration Instructions for preparing the suspension: add 24 ml of water to the contents of 1 bottle of powder to prepare the suspension and shake thoroughly. Shake before each use.
Adverse reactions and overdose
After taking the drug, I rarely experience unwanted reactions, but such cases are still possible.
From the side of the central nervous system: headache, excessive muscle excitability.
From the skin: an allergic reaction manifested by a rash on the skin, the appearance of painful blisters, Lyell's syndrome.
From the digestive system: pain in the stomach, nausea, vomiting, problems with the digestive processes.
An overdose of the drug, manifested by paranoid behavior and hallucinations, is also possible. In this case, you need to do symptomatic treatment and rinse the stomach. It is worth keeping in mind that the medicine is excreted in the urine, so you need to promote the process of urination.
How to take Diflucan for children
If the drug is prescribed to children, the optimal dosage can only be determined by the attending physician, taking into account the severity of the disease. A child can be given no more than 400 mg per day. As a rule, the medicine is given to the child once a day.
In infants, the elimination of the active component occurs slowly. Only a specialist should select the dose. In the first 14 days from birth, the baby can be given medicine once every 3 days. From the third week of life, you can give the drug once every two days.
Description of the drug DIFLUCAN
When used simultaneously with warfarin, fluconazole increases prothrombin time (by 12%), and therefore bleeding may develop (hematomas, bleeding from the nose and gastrointestinal tract, hematuria, melena). In patients receiving coumarin anticoagulants, prothrombin time must be constantly monitored.
After oral administration of midazolam, fluconazole significantly increases midazolam concentrations and psychomotor effects, and this effect is more pronounced after fluconazole is administered orally than when administered intravenously. If concomitant benzodiazepine therapy is necessary, patients taking fluconazole should be monitored for an appropriate benzodiazepine dose reduction.
With the simultaneous use of fluconazole and cisapride, adverse reactions from the heart are possible, incl. ventricular fibrillation/flutter (ari). The use of fluconazole at a dose of 200 mg 1 time / day and cisapride at a dose of 20 mg 4 times / day leads to a marked increase in plasma concentrations of cisapride and an increase in the QT interval on the ECG. Concomitant use of cisapride and fluconazole is contraindicated.
In patients after kidney transplantation, the use of fluconazole at a dose of 200 mg/day leads to a slow increase in cyclosporine concentrations. However, with repeated doses of fluconazole at a dose of 100 mg/day, no changes in cyclosporine concentrations were observed in bone marrow recipients. When using fluconazole and cyclosporine concomitantly, it is recommended to monitor the concentration of cyclosporine in the blood.
Repeated use of hydrochlorothiazide simultaneously with fluconazole leads to an increase in plasma concentrations of fluconazole by 40%. An effect of this magnitude does not require a change in the fluconazole dosage regimen in patients receiving concomitant diuretics, but this should be taken into account.
With the simultaneous use of a combined oral contraceptive with fluconazole at a dose of 50 mg, no significant effect on hormone levels has been established, while with daily intake of 200 mg of fluconazole, the AUC of ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel increases by 40% and 24%, respectively, and when taking 300 mg of fluconazole 1 time per day week - AUC of ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone increase by 24% and 13%, respectively. Thus, repeated use of fluconazole in the indicated doses is unlikely to affect the effectiveness of the combined oral contraceptive.
Concomitant use of fluconazole and phenytoin may be accompanied by a clinically significant increase in phenytoin concentrations. With this combination, phenytoin concentrations should be monitored and the dose adjusted accordingly to ensure therapeutic serum concentrations.
Concomitant use of fluconazole and rifabutin may lead to increased serum concentrations of the latter. Cases of uveitis have been described with the simultaneous use of fluconazole and rifabutin. Patients receiving rifabutin and fluconazole concomitantly should be monitored closely.
The simultaneous use of fluconazole and rifampicin leads to a decrease in AUC by 25% and the duration of T1/2 of fluconazole by 20%. In patients concomitantly taking rifampicin, the advisability of increasing the dose of fluconazole must be considered.
Fluconazole, when taken simultaneously, leads to an increase in T1/2 of oral sulfonylurea drugs (chlorpropamide, glibenclamide, glipizide and tolbutamide). In patients with diabetes mellitus, fluconazole and oral sulfonylureas can be prescribed together, but the possibility of hypoglycemia should be taken into account.
The simultaneous use of fluconazole and tacrolimus leads to an increase in plasma concentrations of the latter. Cases of nephrotoxicity have been described. Patients with this combination should be carefully monitored.
With the simultaneous use of azole antifungals and terfenadine, serious arrhythmias may occur as a result of an increase in the QT interval. When taking fluconazole at a dose of 200 mg/day, an increase in the QT interval has not been established, however, the use of fluconazole at doses of 400 mg/day and above causes a significant increase in the concentration of terfenadine in plasma. Concomitant use of fluconazole in doses of 400 mg/day or more with terfenadine is contraindicated. Treatment with fluconazole in doses less than 400 mg/day in combination with terfenadine should be carried out under close monitoring.
When used simultaneously with fluconazole at a dose of 200 mg for 14 days, the average rate of plasma clearance of theophylline is reduced by 18%. When prescribing fluconazole to patients taking high doses of theophylline or to patients at increased risk of developing theophylline toxicity, monitor for symptoms of theophylline overdose and, if necessary, adjust therapy accordingly.
When used simultaneously with fluconazole, an increase in zidovudine concentrations is observed, which is likely due to a decrease in the metabolism of the latter to its main metabolite. Before and after therapy with fluconazole at a dose of 200 mg/day for 15 days in patients with AIDS and ARC (AIDS-related complex), a significant increase in the AUC of zidovudine (20%) was found.
When zidovudine 200 mg every 8 hours for 7 days was used in HIV-infected patients with or without fluconazole 400 mg/day with an interval of 21 days between the two regimens, a significant increase in zidovudine AUC was found (74%) when used simultaneously with fluconazole. Patients receiving this combination should be monitored for side effects of zidovudine.
The simultaneous use of fluconazole with astemizole or other drugs whose metabolism is carried out by isoenzymes of the cytochrome P450 system may be accompanied by an increase in serum concentrations of these drugs. Patients with such combinations should be carefully monitored.
special instructions
Shelf life – 36 months from the date of production. The finished suspension can be kept for no more than 2 weeks. Should be kept in a dry place at room temperature away from children.
Patients with serious liver disease should take the drug with extreme caution, as cases of severe toxic hepatitis have been reported. Liver enzyme levels should be regularly monitored during treatment. For liver diseases, it is strictly forbidden to self-medicate; the drug can only be taken under the constant supervision of a doctor. Toxic hepatitis can be fatal.
If the patient has HIV, then there is a high probability of Lyell's syndrome occurring after taking Diflucan. If a person suffers from cardiovascular diseases, then there is a high probability of arrhythmia, so you need to take the drug carefully.
Many people mistakenly confuse the drug with Duphalac, which is a laxative in its action.
Buy Diflucan powder for oral suspension 50mg/5ml 35ml in pharmacies
Diflucan Buy Diflucan in pharmacies Diflucan in the medicine directory DOSAGE FORMS powder for the preparation of suspension for oral administration 50 mg/5 ml MANUFACTURERS Pfizer PGM (France) GROUP Antifungal agents - derivatives of imidazole and triazole COMPOSITION Active substance - fluconazole. INTERNATIONAL NON-PROPENTED NAME Fluconazole SYNONYMS Vero-Fluconazole, Diflazon, Maiconil, Medoflucon, Mikomax, Mikosist, Mikoflucan, Procanazole, Fluzol, Flucozan, Flucomabol, Flucomicide Sediko, Fluconazole, Fluconazole Hexal, Fluconazole Stada, Fluconazole -LEKSVM, Fluconazole-Teva, Fluconorm, Flucoral, Flucostat, Flumicon, Forkan, Tsiskan PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION Pharmacological action - antifungal. Highly selectively inhibits fungal cytochrome P450; blocks the synthesis of sterols in fungal cells. Absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract quickly and quite completely. The maximum concentration is achieved 0.5-1.5 hours after administration on an empty stomach. It is excreted unchanged by the kidneys. The half-life is about 30 hours. When administered intravenously, it has similar pharmacokinetic characteristics. INDICATIONS FOR USE Candidiasis (vaginal, mucous membranes, generalized), cryptococcosis, skin mycoses, deep endemic mycoses, prevention of fungal infections in malignant neoplasms. CONTRAINDICATIONS Hypersensitivity, pregnancy, breastfeeding (stop during treatment). SIDE EFFECTS : Nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, liver damage, headache, alopecia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia (in immunocompromised individuals), skin rash. INTERACTION Enhances the effect of oral hypoglycemic drugs (sulfonylurea derivatives), coumarin anticoagulants, urinary excretion of cyclosporine and rifampicin. Hydrochlorothiazide increases blood concentrations by 40%. When used simultaneously with cisapride and zidovudine, the development of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia is possible. METHOD OF APPLICATION AND DOSAGE Orally. Adults with cryptococcal infections - 200-400 mg per day; for generalized candidiasis - 400 mg, then 200 mg per day; for oropharyngeal candidiasis - 50-100 mg per day for 7-14 days; for vaginal candidiasis - once 150 mg; for mycoses - 150 mg once a week. For children with candidiasis of the mucous membranes - 3-6 mg/kg/day, for generalized candidiasis - 6-12 mg/kg/day, for the prevention of fungal infections - 3-12 mg/kg/day. OVERDOSE No information available. SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS Prescribe with caution to patients with impaired renal function, newborns, and AIDS patients. It is necessary to carefully monitor blood counts and liver function. If a rash or bullous changes or erythema multiforme appear, therapy should be discontinued. STORAGE CONDITIONS List B. In a dry place, protected from light, at room temperature.
