Medical termination of pregnancy. Abortion without surgery

Carrying out the procedure

The procedure requires medications (Mifepristone, Mifegin, Mifeprex). They suppress the production of the hormone responsible for the development of pregnancy. To minimize the risks of a medical abortion, medications should be taken only after examination and under the supervision of a doctor. The examination is carried out both before and after termination of pregnancy.

The effectiveness of medical abortion reaches 95-99%. The risk of complications is not significant.

Pharmabort - what is it?

Pharmacological abortion is an artificial termination of pregnancy without surgical intervention. A woman takes several tablets over a certain period of time. As a result of the action of medications, pregnancy is terminated within 24 hours. This method is effective only for up to 6 weeks of embryo development (up to 42 days from the first day of the last menstruation).

For the first time, means for premature termination of pregnancy were created in the 80s of the 20th century, and already in 1988 they were allowed to be used in China and France. Subsequently, this list was expanded and today pharmabort is approved in more than 40 countries around the world. Until some time, pharmacological abortion was practically not used in Russia. Firstly, many patients found out about their situation at a later date, when the use of pills was ineffective. And, secondly, the cost of such a procedure was very high. Now Russian women have many options for safe abortion; for example, the A-Medic clinic uses two high-quality drugs, domestic and French.

All medications used for pharmacological abortion contain a special substance – mifepristone. It suppresses the action of a hormone such as progesterone, which stimulates the development of pregnancy. As a result, the embryo is rejected from the wall of the uterus and an artificial miscarriage occurs. To enhance the effect of mifepristone, women are prescribed prostaglandins. According to WHO, medical abortion is the most gentle method of getting rid of an unwanted pregnancy; in more than 98% of cases, the procedure is successful, provided that all recommendations are followed.

You should also take into account the fact that although pharma-abortion is considered a safe option for terminating a pregnancy, it is possible that complications may arise after it. Therefore, before you decide on this procedure, you need to undergo a comprehensive examination by a gynecologist and clarify all the possible consequences.

Risks of medical abortion

The most common risks include side effects from medications. This is not to say that they are especially dangerous for the body, but it is better to know about them in advance. Your doctor should also warn you about side effects during your consultation.

The most common side effects:

• vomiting and nausea;
• abdominal pain;
• high blood pressure;
• diarrhea;
• menstrual irregularities.

Rare complications:

• hormonal disorders;
• uterine bleeding;
• allergic reactions;
• weakening of the immune system.

It is also worth noting that, despite the high effectiveness of the drugs, in rare cases it is not possible to terminate a pregnancy with medication.

The cost of a pharma-abortion at the A-Medic clinic.

Medical abortion is an effective procedure, but only if it is performed before 6 weeks. Sometimes a woman has no other choice and she has to terminate her pregnancy, in which case this period should be as comfortable and safe as possible for her. The specialists of the A-medic clinic will help you avoid complications and, if necessary, provide you with timely medical assistance. We use only high-quality and original drugs of domestic and French production. The cost of carrying out a pharmaceutical abortion using the drug "Miropriston" (Russia) is 5,000 thousand rubles, and when using tablets "Mifegin" - 7,000 thousand rubles.

Consequences of abortion

A properly performed medical abortion does not threaten the woman with any serious consequences. However, do not forget that this is stress for the body, and rehabilitation therapy is necessary.

Bloody discharge after an abortion can persist for up to 14-20 days; tampons should not be used during the entire period. You should also not visit baths and saunas, and it is not recommended to lead an active physical and sexual life.

To quickly restore hormonal levels, you need to take hormonal contraceptives for three menstrual cycles.

If two to three weeks after the procedure you feel that the abdominal pain is intensifying, the temperature is rising and discharge with an unpleasant odor appears, then you should consult a doctor. This may indicate that the fertilized egg was not completely released.

The impact of abortion on a woman's health

Abortion is the termination of pregnancy at any stage. This operation, even when performed ideally, entails many different consequences.

Abortions are divided into spontaneous (miscarriages) and artificial (surgical and other interventions). Induced abortions can be performed early (up to twelve weeks) and late (over twelve weeks of pregnancy).

Abortion is not simply the removal of a fetus or embryo through medication (medical abortion) or through scraping instruments (suction with a vacuum aspirator), but abortion is an effect on the entire female body.

With medical abortion, there is no external intervention and damage to the uterus is excluded, but the absence of uterine trauma does not exclude the development of complications associated with the abrupt termination of pregnancy.

In some cases, medical abortion does not occur completely and the remains of the fertilized egg must be removed instrumentally.

Therefore, disorders of the reproductive system after a medical abortion occur no less frequently than after an instrumental abortion.

The most dangerous method for the body is the instrumental method of abortion.

With both the instrumental and vacuum methods, an “artificial” expansion of the cervical canal initially occurs with the help of special metal instruments.

The main difference is that with the instrumental method, a special, sharp iron instrument “curette” is used, with which the walls of the uterine cavity are scraped, or a plastic tube is inserted into the uterine cavity, through which the contents (fertilized egg with membranes) are sucked out using a vacuum suction.

Termination of pregnancy negatively affects a woman’s health and condition.

During pregnancy, a woman's body undergoes serious changes at all levels. Artificial interruption of these physiological processes leads to disruptions in the body, and, above all, of a hormonal nature. Violation of coordination in the work of the central nervous and endocrine systems leads to disruptions in the normal functioning of the endocrine glands (ovaries, thyroid gland, adrenal glands, pituitary gland), contributing to the appearance of various nervous disorders.

Complications of abortion.

Inflammatory diseases.

Inflammatory processes in some women may appear immediately after this procedure, in others after some time. As a result of the inflammatory process, not only the uterus and fallopian tubes, ovaries, but also the peri-uterine tissue, peritoneum, bladder, and rectum can be affected.

During an artificial abortion, the cervix is ​​injured, resulting in the formation of an “open gate” for infection to penetrate into the underlying tissues, blood and lymphatic vessels.

Chronic inflammatory processes of the internal organs of a woman’s genital area with frequent exacerbations stimulate the development of irreversible changes (scars, adhesions), which worsen health and contribute to the manifestation of long-term consequences of abortion (disturbance of sexual, menstrual, reproductive functions). Inflammatory processes contribute to the occurrence of ectopic pregnancy, as well as the appearance of secondary infertility.

Mechanical damage to the cervix and body of the uterus.

Such damage is caused mainly during surgical abortion.

Damage to the cervix during abortion can subsequently lead to its inability to “maintain” pregnancy, which leads to failure to carry the pregnancy to term, miscarriages, and disruption of normal labor.

Regardless of the experience and qualifications of the doctor, no one will ever give you a guarantee that during an abortion there will be no remains of the placenta and embryo in the uterus, nor can they guarantee the absence of penetrating wounds of the cervix or body of the uterus with surgical instruments or their perforation (perforation).

Bleeding.

Any attempts to penetrate the uterus during pregnancy with the aim of interrupting it inevitably lead to disruption of the integrity of the vessels (during pregnancy they increase in length, expand, and blood flow increases) and, as a result, the occurrence of bleeding. Bleeding as a complication of abortion is also observed in cases where particles of the embryo or amniotic sac with the placenta are left in the uterine cavity during surgery. In this case, bleeding does not occur immediately after removal, but after a few days or hours. Basically, a repeated examination is carried out followed by curettage of the uterine cavity.

Infertility.

Most often, induced abortions are the culprit of infertility, especially when they end the first pregnancy. It is the chronic inflammatory processes of the genital organs (fallopian tubes, cervix, body, ovaries) after an abortion that contribute to the development of infertility.

Ectopic pregnancy.

In an ectopic pregnancy, a fertilized egg is implanted in a narrow fallopian tube, which subsequently ruptures and causes internal bleeding.

Hormonal disorders.

One of the long-term consequences of abortion are hormonal disorders: diseases of the thyroid gland (dysfunction of the adrenal glands), disorders of the pituitary gland, which is the central regulator of the endocrine system.

Oncological diseases.

Inducing abortion increases the risk of developing breast cancer.

Endometriosis.

If the walls of the uterus are injured during surgery, endometrial particles begin to “grow” (infiltratively) into the muscle layer. Endometrial cells with blood can enter any organs, and during menstruation they begin to become inflamed. Attachment and growth of the endometrium can be observed in the ovaries, fallopian tubes, bladder and rectum. Following a signal from ovarian hormones, endometrial fragments begin to grow and swell with blood, resulting in inflammation.

Complications of anesthesia.

There may be headache, nausea, temporary disturbances of consciousness, and allergic reactions. For those who have liver problems, anesthesia causes exacerbation of hepatitis and worsening blood counts.

Post-abortion syndrome (suffering of the soul).

It is expressed in a combination of mental symptoms or diseases that manifest themselves against the background of experiences and regrets after an abortion, even with an absolutely healthy woman’s psyche.

Every woman has the right to decide whether to have an abortion or not. The harm of abortion to a woman’s body is inevitable.

Analyzes

Before terminating a pregnancy, the patient must undergo tests to determine possible contraindications:

• flora smear;
• blood RW, HIV, HBS-Ag, anti-HCV;
• general blood analysis;
• determination of blood group and Rh factor.

On the eve of the procedure, you need a light dinner and you should stop eating after 8-9 pm. On the morning of the procedure, you should not eat or drink, and smoking is not recommended. An exception is medical termination of pregnancy - a light breakfast is recommended before it, this improves the absorption of the drug. Think about who will pick you up from the clinic after the procedure. Stock up on pads and painkillers that your doctor recommends.

Contraindications to medical abortion

Termination of pregnancy with tablets containing hormonal antiprogestins is carried out at an early stage, which minimizes any risks. But there are absolute contraindications to terminating pregnancy with medications:

• renal failure;
• fibroids;
• serious disturbances in liver function;
• ectopic pregnancy;
• exacerbation of any infectious and inflammatory processes;
• severe stage of diabetes.

Features of pharmacological termination of pregnancy

Medical termination of pregnancy does not require surgery or a long recovery period.

Its features:

• the ability to terminate pregnancy at an early stage;
• the procedure requires minimal preliminary preparation;
• no need for anesthesia;
• uterine contractions and pain after the procedure are moderate;
• there is no danger of infection, formation of adhesions, or obstruction of the fallopian tubes;
• suitable for previously nulliparous women;
• It is psychologically easier for the patient to tolerate than surgical termination of pregnancy.