Inducing abortion can be very dangerous

Inducing abortion can be very dangerous

The entire period of pregnancy is divided into 3 conventional parts - 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester. Artificial termination of pregnancy is an abortion performed before the 12th week - early, and from 13 to 28 weeks - late. In addition, each of them is divided into stages. This division is necessary in order to choose the method of artificial termination of pregnancy as accurately as possible. After 12 weeks, the uterus increases in size because the placenta is fully formed and the fetus is already quite large. This makes it difficult to terminate a pregnancy in the later stages and the impossibility of carrying it out even by curettage of the uterine cavity. And if you are planning to have an artificial termination of pregnancy, then you need to contact only a qualified medical center.

Possible consequences

Despite the simplicity of pharmacological abortion, its consequences can be quite serious. They are associated primarily with the effect of drugs. They contain hormones that provoke various effects:

• headache;
• nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
• decreased immune defense of the body;
• disruption of the microflora of the cervix, which can lead to inflammatory processes.

Common consequences of medical abortion include severe abdominal pain and bleeding. Due to severe hormonal imbalance in the female body, the consequences of a medical abortion can appear even several months after the procedure. It is important to regularly visit a gynecologist and conduct appropriate examinations.

Methods of artificial termination of pregnancy

The most relatively safe period for termination of pregnancy is considered to be the first 6 weeks, when it is possible to carry out medical or vacuum abortions. Special drugs of various groups that affect the function of the corpus luteum, contractile activity of the uterus and cause abortion are used only for up to 3 weeks.

Artificial termination of pregnancy using vacuum aspiration is carried out only in the early stages up to 5-6 weeks. This is a less traumatic method compared to curettage. A special device is inserted into the uterine cavity, creating negative pressure; as a result, the fertilized egg is rejected from the wall, because in the early stages it is still weakly connected to the uterine wall and is easily removed. Such termination of pregnancy is accompanied by less trauma to the uterus and minor blood loss.

From 6 to 12 weeks, termination of pregnancy is carried out only by curettage. This type of abortion is performed in the operating room using special instruments. In the process of terminating a pregnancy using this method, the cervical canal is first expanded, and then curettage is performed directly with a special loop. Before the first abortion, the woman's Rh factor must be determined. This is necessary because there is a possibility that the embryo will inherit the father’s Rh factor, and in the process of its destruction by the curette, fetal red blood cells can enter the mother’s blood and cause sensitization of the mother’s body, which can negatively affect subsequent pregnancies.

Artificial termination of pregnancy in the later stages, from the 13th to the 28th week, is permitted only if there are justified medical and social indications and in the absence of health contraindications. There are the following options for artificially terminating such a pregnancy: killing the child in the womb and inducing artificial birth; termination of pregnancy through partial entry, the fetal head is crushed with forceps; the fetal evacuation method, when complete dismemberment is carried out in the womb and removed in parts; the injection kills the fetus and natural childbirth begins; Caesarean section.

How the procedure itself is carried out

After receiving the examination results, in the absence of contraindications to termination of pregnancy and written confirmation of consent to this service, you take the Mifepreston tablet (trade name Mifegin, Miropriston, Mirolian) in the presence of a doctor. This drug blocks receptors in the uterus for progesterone, a hormone that promotes the development of pregnancy. Mifepreston also increases the sensitivity of the uterus to contractile agents, primarily to prostaglandins (Mirolyut, Topogin, Misoprostol).

Some women experience spotting on the 1st day after taking Mifeprestone, and 5% of women may experience a complete abortion.

Visit 2

The action of Mifepreston reaches its maximum effect 36–48 hours after the first visit to the doctor . Your return visit to the clinic is scheduled for this period.

Under the influence of Mifepreston, the fertilized egg peels off from the walls of the uterine cavity. The next stage is its expulsion from the uterine cavity.

For this purpose, the clinic will give you a drug (“Mirolyut”). This drug is a prostaglandin: it causes uterine contractions. After taking Mirolut, most women begin to experience bleeding from the genital tract, the onset of which may be accompanied by symptoms that are predictable and remediable:

• Pain : Complaints of pain vary greatly among women, depending on their personality type and pain threshold. For severe pain, it is allowed to use analgesics (paracetamol, analgin, etc.).
• increased body temperature and chills . Prostaglandins are sometimes the cause of increased body temperature. Typically, such an increase does not exceed 38 * C and lasts no more than 2 hours. The use of paracetamol eliminates these symptoms.
• nausea and vomiting. In patients coming for a pharmacological abortion, nausea may be associated with the pregnancy itself. However, abortifacient drugs can also cause nausea and, rarely, vomiting. Usually these symptoms go away on their own, and antiemetic drugs can also be used.
• diarrhea (loose stools) . The occurrence of diarrhea is associated with taking drugs to contract the uterus. This symptom is rare, short-term in nature, and goes away on its own. There is no need for treatment.
• bleeding _ Termination of pregnancy is accompanied by bleeding, similar to menstrual or more abundant. Such spotting rarely leads to a decrease in hemoglobin and/or requires any treatment. This is the normal course of a pharmacological abortion. You need to know that bleeding is considered heavy if 2 sanitary pads of the maximum size are completely saturated with blood within an hour, and this continues for 2 hours in a row or more. In this case, you should immediately contact your doctor.

Visit 3

(on the 14th day after the first)

A third visit to the clinic is necessary to assess the effectiveness of medical termination of pregnancy: complete abortion, incomplete abortion, continuing pregnancy.

The effectiveness of the method is 95-98%. If the method is ineffective, assessed on the 14th day after taking Mifeprestone, the woman completes the abortion surgically.

Both drugs used to terminate pregnancy are not hormonal.

Already in the 1st cycle after a pharmacological abortion, the woman’s fertility is restored, i.e. she can get pregnant again. Therefore, you should definitely discuss the issue of contraception with your doctor.

There are contraindications to medical termination of pregnancy, which can be found out at your doctor’s appointment.

Basic medical indications for desirable induced abortion

All reasons for artificial termination of pregnancy are determined by the doctor after a thorough examination, these may be:

• dangerous complications of pregnancy for the life of the mother;
• accurately identified fetal malformations;
• tuberculosis;
• chronic liver diseases (hepatitis C);
• peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
• the presence of malignant tumors;
• diseases of the nervous system;
• diseases of the endocrine system;
• dangerous chronic lung diseases;
• forced operations;
• mental illness;
• kidney disease or the absence of one kidney;
• diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• blood diseases.

Where should medical abortions be performed?

At the moment, all Moscow clinics that have a gynecological department provide abortions to women. Our center is equipped with comfortable rooms in which patients will stay for the first few hours after taking the drug that terminates the pregnancy.

All patients who come to our medical facility to terminate an unwanted pregnancy are given only safe drugs that are mandatory certified. In our clinic, women can undergo all subsequent examinations, as well as receive consultations that are necessary after a medical abortion.

On the official website of our medical institution, you can find more detailed information regarding the procedure, as well as read reviews from former patients who terminated an unwanted pregnancy with medication.

Possible complications after artificial termination of pregnancy

Complications can arise both at the time of artificial termination of pregnancy, and immediately after or even at a later date. Among the immediate complications are the following: retention of part of the fertilized egg, bleeding, perforation of the uterus, acute hematometra. Complications that do not appear immediately, but may occur: labor abnormalities in subsequent births, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian dysfunction and menstrual irregularities, infertility, various inflammatory processes (parametritis, endometritis, peritonitis, sepsis, septic shock and others).

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Medical abortion is a method of terminating pregnancy caused by medications ( prescribed exclusively by the attending physician - obstetrician-gynecologist and used under the personal supervision of a specialist in the clinic ). This method of non-surgical termination of pregnancy is the safest and most gentle modern method, which does not require hospitalization of the patient and is better tolerated psychologically.

Medical abortion: when it is completely prohibited and when it can be performed with caution

Doctors may perform a medical abortion, using special caution, if:

• pregnant woman under 18 years of age or over 35;
• a pregnant woman experiences epileptic seizures;
• a pregnant woman has been taking medications that affect blood circulation for a long time;
• the woman's menstrual cycle is disrupted;
• there is a high risk of bleeding in case of low hemoglobin levels in the blood;
• the pregnant woman suffers from a serious nicotine addiction;
• there is a risk of uterine wall rupture;
• ectopic pregnancy determined;
• during pregnancy more than 9 weeks;
• for chronic pathologies of internal organs;
• if there is an infection in the genitals;
• with a high risk of allergy to the components of the drug for pharmaabortion.

Complications occurring months or years later:

• infertility: may occur due to serious disturbances in the hormonal system; as a result, adhesions may occur in the fallopian tubes, which prevents the passage of the egg into the uterus; the presence of a negative Rh factor in a woman and a positive Rh factor in her partner is an additional risk factor for infertility;
• mental disturbances: hormonal disorders and emotional experiences about the abortion can manifest themselves in aggressiveness, increased irritability or, on the contrary, in apathy and depression; if these changes become obvious and frequent, the woman needs to seek help from a psychologist or possibly a psychiatrist.

Names and costs of drugs for medical abortion

There are no drugs for pharmaabortion on the open market (in pharmacies) in Russia: their use is possible only on the recommendation of a specialist. The difference in the cost of medicines is quite large (from 1 to 5 thousand rubles) and, as a rule, depends on the country of origin.

• with the active ingredient mifepristone (manufacturers: France, Russia, China): usually the drug is used once, not on a full stomach, at a dose of 600 mg;
• with the active ingredient misoprostol (manufacturers: Russia, China, India): applied once, after mifepristone, at a dose of 400 mg, on an empty stomach.

What to do after a pill abortion

• Do not lift weights, do not play sports, do not subject the body to physical stress.
• Refuse intimate life until your next menstruation.
• Don't overheat. Staying in the bathhouse, sauna, on the beach and in the heat is prohibited.
• Do not swim in ponds, bathtubs or pools. Water ingress can cause infection of the genital tract and lead to severe inflammation of the uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes. During this period, you can only wash in the shower.
• Do not use tampons or douche.
• Do not take medications not recommended by your doctor. Even the most common medications - aspirin, analgin, ibuprofen, paracetamol can lead to bleeding.

Effects lasting from 1 week to a month:

• pregnancy, which, despite taking medications, continues because the fertilized egg or its remains have not been able to come out of the uterus: the cause may be an incorrect dosage of the drug, use of the drug after 9 weeks of pregnancy; inflammatory processes in the body;
• prolonged (more than a week) pain and cramps in the lower abdomen: the cause may be an infection due to a weakened immune system or particles of the fertilized egg remaining in the uterus; to determine the exact cause, you need to contact a gynecologist who will see the problem on an ultrasound or during an examination;
• dizziness, headache: according to statistics, it occurs in a fifth of women who, with heavy discharge, lose a lot of blood; with such a symptom, it is better to consult a gynecologist;
• problems with the menstrual cycle: a delay of menstruation for a couple of weeks is considered the norm, since during this period, after the use of drugs, the endocrine and reproductive systems strive to restore their disturbed state; a delay of a month or more may indicate inflammation, so in this case you need to consult a gynecologist;
• inflammatory processes, infection: usually occur if particles of the fertilized egg remain in the uterus; obvious symptoms will be purulent discharge with a greenish tint and a characteristic odor, accompanied by pain; you need to contact a gynecologist, who, after removing particles of the fertilized egg, may suggest staying in the hospital for observation and prescribing antibiotics.

Why is this method considered gentle and what are its disadvantages?

Why is medical abortion considered more gentle compared to surgery:

• the recovery process is much faster;
• the woman does not experience physical trauma and the risk of injury to the uterus;
• the risk of infertility is significantly reduced, since pharmaceuticals do not affect reproductive function;
• pain when using pharmaceuticals is either absent or minimal;
• anesthesia is not used, so the risk of its negative effects is eliminated;
• efficiency is 98-99%;
• no need for hospitalization;
• there is no risk of infection with hepatitis or HIV.

Effects lasting from several hours to 1 week:

• nausea: the most common negative manifestation, usually occurs after taking medications at about 6 weeks of pregnancy;
• vomiting: according to statistics, it occurs in almost half of women when taking drugs orally and in a third when using them vaginally;
• allergic reaction: usually manifests itself in the form of a rash, less often breathing problems or angioedema may occur; if a woman often suffers from allergic reactions in everyday life, she needs to take the drug under the supervision of a doctor and then stay within the medical facility for several hours;
• diarrhea: according to statistics, it occurs in a third of women after taking the drug orally and in a fifth when used vaginally; usually goes away on its own, and taking anti-diarrhea medications is ineffective;
• pain in the lower abdomen: is normal and occurs in almost all women; pain can be mild, moderate or severe, usually appearing half an hour to an hour after taking the medications; pain can be relieved with painkillers, symptomatic anti-inflammatory drugs - Nurofen, Ibuprofen, etc.
• Blood discharge: if the discharge is similar in type and volume to normal menstruation, this is normal, its duration may be longer; if the discharge continues for about a month, but does not cause pain and is not too abundant, this is also considered normal; in case of heavy discharge accompanied by pain (especially severe), it is necessary to urgently consult a gynecologist;
• cramps in the lower abdomen: may appear several hours after using the drugs; A heating pad placed on the stomach can help relieve the symptom.