Magnesium sulfate solution and powder: instructions for use, price, reviews for weight loss

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Pharmacodynamics

What is magnesium sulfate? The State Pharmacopoeia defines magnesium sulfate (formula MgSOi) as a medicinal product and indicates the standards for its production and the highest doses of use. The product “magnesium sulfate” is assigned the code OKPD24.42.13.683.

With water, this substance forms hydrates, the most important of which is heptahydrate - bitter, or Epsom salt - this is magnesia , as it is more often called, which is used in medicine. Available in powder form, from which a solution or suspension is prepared for oral administration and in ampoules for intramuscular and intravenous administration.

Depending on the route of administration, it has different effects on the body. injections ) - sedative , diuretic , vasodilator , anticonvulsant hypotensive , antispasmodic , antiarrhythmic , tocolytic , hypnotic .

The mechanism of action as an anticonvulsant is due to the fact that magnesium reduces the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine from synapses, suppressing neuromuscular transmission, and has a depressant effect on the central nervous system.

The tocolytic effect (relaxation of the muscles of the uterus) is explained by the fact that magnesium reduces the contractility of the uterus and increases blood flow in it.

The antiarrhythmic effect is due to the stabilization of cell membranes and a decrease in the excitability of cardiomyocytes. Effects after intravenous administration develop immediately, after intramuscular administration - after 1 hour.

When taken orally, it has a choleretic effect and serves as a laxative , which is used for constipation or to cleanse the intestines, for blind probing, poisoning with salts of heavy metals (it is an antidote). The laxative effect is due to poor absorption in the intestine, in which osmotic pressure increases and water accumulates, which leads to dilution of the intestinal contents and increased peristalsis.

The injection solution can be used orally as a laxative. The onset of effect when taken orally after 1-3 hours, lasts 4-6 hours.

Magnesium sulfate has also found its use in cosmetology in the manufacture of emulsions, lotions and creams. It is used as a relaxing bath salt that relieves muscle tension.

Pharmacokinetics

When administered parenterally (injections), it penetrates the BBB. In breast milk it creates concentrations that are 2 times higher than the concentrations in the blood. Excreted by the kidneys, the rate of excretion is proportional to the level of glomerular filtration. diuresis increases .

When administered orally, it is poorly absorbed from the intestine. With malabsorption and consumption of fatty foods, magnesium absorption is reduced. Deposited in bones, muscles, kidneys, myocardium.

Description of the drug MAGNESIUM SULPHATE (MAGNESII SULFAS)

When taken orally, it has a choleretic (reflex effect on the receptors of the duodenal mucosa) and a laxative effect (due to poor absorption of the drug in the intestine, high osmotic pressure is created in it, water accumulates in the intestine, the intestinal contents are liquefied, and peristalsis is enhanced). It is an antidote for poisoning with heavy metal salts. The onset of the effect is after 0.5-3 hours, duration is 4-6 hours.

When administered parenterally, it has a hypotensive, sedative and anticonvulsant effect, as well as a diuretic, arteriodilatating, antiarrhythmic, vasodilating (on arteries) effect, in high doses - curare-like (inhibitory effect on neuromuscular transmission), tocolytic, hypnotic and narcotic effects, suppresses respiratory center. Magnesium is a physiological blocker of slow calcium channels and is able to displace it from binding sites. Regulates metabolic processes, interneuronal transmission and muscle excitability, prevents the entry of calcium through the presynaptic membrane, reduces the amount of acetylcholine in the peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system. Relaxes smooth muscles, reduces blood pressure (mostly elevated), increases diuresis.

The mechanism of anticonvulsant action is associated with a decrease in the release of acetylcholine from neuromuscular synapses, while magnesium suppresses neuromuscular transmission and has a direct inhibitory effect on the central nervous system.

The antiarrhythmic effect of magnesium is due to a decrease in the excitability of cardiomyocytes, restoration of ionic balance, stabilization of cell membranes, disruption of sodium current, slow incoming calcium current and one-way potassium current. The cardioprotective effect is due to the expansion of the coronary arteries, a decrease in peripheral vascular resistance and platelet aggregation.

The tocolytic effect develops as a result of inhibition of myometrial contractility (decreased absorption, binding and distribution of calcium in smooth muscle cells) under the influence of magnesium ion, increased blood flow in the uterus as a result of dilation of its vessels. Magnesium is an antidote for poisoning with heavy metal salts.

Systemic effects develop almost immediately after intravenous administration and 1 hour after intramuscular administration. Duration of action with intravenous administration is 30 minutes, with intramuscular administration - 3-4 hours.

Indications for use

hypomagnesemia , tetany ;
ventricular tachycardia;
arterial hypertension , crisis state with cerebral edema ;
urinary retention;
brain concussion;
encephalopathy , epileptic seizure ;
poisoning with barium chloride , salts of heavy metals ;
bronchial asthma (as part of complex therapy).

Magnesium Sulfate powder is used orally for:

constipation;
gallbladder dyskinesias , cholangitis and cholecystitis (for tubing);
duodenal intubation;
poisoning with salts of heavy metals;
to cleanse the intestines.

What it is

Magnesium sulfate , or magnesium sulfate, is a chlorine-free water-soluble fertilizer, a salt of magnesium and sulfuric acid. Intended purpose: root and foliar feeding. The fertilizer can also be applied to the soil to improve soil quality.

Formula – MgSO4 . Magnesium in the fertilizer is contained in the form of oxide. Active ingredients in magnesium sulfate:

from 17% magnesium - the element is necessary for the formation of chlorophyll in the leaves, protein synthesis, and complete absorption of calcium and phosphorus; component-builder of plant tissue at the cellular level; participant in the synthesis of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), essential oils;
13.5% sulfur – activator of biological processes, synthesizes vegetable protein; protects against fungal, viral and bacterial infections, strengthens phytoimmunity, resists the appearance of garden pests (wireworms, spider mites, aphids).

Physical characteristics and mechanical properties of magnesium sulfate (according to technical specifications, GOST 4523-77):

appearance – white crystalline powder (or colorless substance);
production – natural marine-type solutions, solid salt deposits;
natural sources (raw materials) - sea water, minerals kieserite (up to 30% magnesium oxide), epsolite-bitter salt (more than 82-84%), hexahydrite; natural raw materials contain at least 28-30% sulfur;
in anhydrous form it decomposes into magnesium oxide, sulfur oxide and oxygen;
water-soluble drug, dissolves at a temperature of 20C;
the inorganic compound forms crystalline hydrates (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 12 water molecules);
magnesium sulfate 7-water is available in the form of a white crystalline powder (mass fraction not less than 99%); contains zinc impurities, phosphates, heavy metals in small quantities.

Beneficial features

Magnesium is the basis of the green pigment of the plant. Fertilizing with magnesium sulfate promotes the complete absorption of phosphorus and calcium and ensures rich color of leaves and stems throughout the season.

Without sulfur, metabolic processes are blocked. In particular, nitrogen absorption depends on sulfur, a trace filler element.

This is the most common microfertilizer:
plants urgently need magnesium as a fundamental component for the formation of chlorophyll;
sulfur ensures metabolic processes in cells and tissues.

Magnesium sulfate is especially loved by garden plants:

cabbage;
tomatoes;
pepper;
eggplant;
onion garlic;
sugar beet;
legumes

, berry bushes and garden trees produce juicy, sweet berries and fruits. The quality composition of fruits improves (the amount of ascorbic acid, sugar, essential oils, vitamin D, starch increases).

The dense crown of ornamental shrubs especially needs additional nutrition. Brown needles, small leaves of conifers are brownish-brown - a clear lack of the “mineral of life” magnesium.

Fertilizing with magnesium sulfate saves plants in poor lighting conditions (indoor flowers, greenhouse crops), and with a lack of sunlight in open areas.

Contraindications for Magnesium Sulfate

arterial hypotension;
severe chronic renal failure;
severe bradycardia ;
hypersensitivity;
AV block;
period before childbirth (2 hours);
depression of the respiratory center.

Prescribed with caution for myasthenia gravis . Contraindications for oral administration: appendicitis , intestinal bleeding , intestinal obstruction , dehydration (dehydration) .

Side effects

With intravenous use: headache, polyuria, decreased blood pressure, nausea, severe sedation, uterine atony .

Signs of hypermagnesemia : bradycardia, double vision, shortness of breath, slurred speech, asthenia, decreased and loss of tendon reflexes, depression of the respiratory center and impaired cardiac conduction.

When taken orally: vomiting, diarrhea , exacerbation of gastrointestinal diseases, flatulence , thirst, intestinal pain, electrolyte imbalance (fatigue, asthenia, convulsions).

Instructions for use of Magnesium Sulfate (Method and dosage)

Instructions for use of the solution in ampoules

A 25% solution is most often used intravenously or intramuscularly. For hypertensive crises , convulsive syndrome , spastic conditions, 5–20 ml of the drug is prescribed.

For eclampsia - 10 - 20 ml of 25% solution up to 4 times a day.

To relieve seizures in children, 0.1-0.2 ml per kg of weight of a 20% solution is administered intramuscularly.

For acute poisoning - 5-10 ml 10% solution intravenously.

Magnesium Sulfate powder, instructions for use

How to take magnesium sulfate as a laxative? Powder in an amount of 20-30 g is dissolved in 100 ml of water (preferably warm) and drunk at night or in the morning half an hour before meals. For chronic constipation, enemas are given - the same amount of powder per 100 ml of water. The drug can be used as a laxative only occasionally.

Method of using powder as a choleretic agent

Prepare a solution from 20 g of powder and 100 ml of water. Take 1 tablespoon 3 times a day before meals. In case of poisoning with salts of heavy metals, take a solution orally - 20-25 g per 200 ml of water. During duodenal intubation , 50 ml of a 25% solution is injected through the probe.

Magnesium sulfate is also used as a fertilizer; a separate section is devoted to this.

Application as fertilizer

Magnesium sulfate is a fertilizer that is a source of magnesium and sulfur for agricultural and ornamental crops. This fertilizer is white crystals, highly soluble in water. Accelerates the growth of new shoots and increases the amount of harvest, improves the taste of vegetable crops by increasing the content of sugar, starch and vitamins. To prevent magnesium deficiency, it is recommended to add 50 to 100 g of bitter salt per m2 every year. During the growing season, carry out root and foliar feeding.

Application to plants causes growth and promotes vigorous flowering. For example, for roses, take 1 tablespoon of powder in a bucket of water and water each bush with 2 liters of this solution. Fertilizing is carried out in June and until mid-July, as it causes increased shoot growth. You can also carry out foliar feeding by spraying. For the working solution, take 20 g of the drug per 10 liters of water.

Magnesium sulfate

Magnesium sulfate or magnesium sulfate (Magnesii sulfas) is the most common dosage form of magnesium.

Active substance

The active ingredient of the same name, magnesium sulfate, is a magnesium salt of sulfuric acid. Chemical formula – MgSO4. These are white or colorless rhombic crystals, with a bitter-salty taste.

Magnesium sulfate is hygroscopic and dissolves well in water. Moreover, with increasing water temperature, the solubility of magnesium also increases. In some cases, the chemical interaction of magnesium sulfate and water leads to the formation of mineral compounds of crystalline hydrates. Magnesium sulfate is soluble in diethyl ether and glycerin, and practically insoluble in ethyl alcohol and acetone.

Mechanism of action

The medicinal effect of magnesium sulfate is due to the ability of its constituent magnesium to influence many physiological and biochemical processes in the human body.

Magnesium enters the body in foods such as meat, fish, and seafood. At the same time, about 40% of the incoming magnesium is absorbed in the intestines. The daily requirement for magnesium for an adult is about 300-400 mg, and the body contains about 70 g of magnesium in total. 60% of this amount is in the bones, and the rest is in other tissues and biological fluids of the body.

Magnesium, along with other substances, is classified as a macronutrient, thereby emphasizing its biological significance and relatively high content. After all, in terms of content, magnesium ranks 4th, and is inferior to other macroelements - sodium, potassium and calcium. Moreover, there is much more of it in the cell than in the extracellular space - like potassium, it is an intracellular macroelement.

More than 80% of intracellular magnesium is present in mitochondria, where it is closely bound to ATP. This macroelement ensures the synthesis of nucleic acids and enzymes, participates in protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism, and neutralizes free radicals and other toxins.

Magnesium is also a physiological antagonist of another macroelement, calcium. Its action is aimed at neutralizing the effects produced by calcium. It is on this antagonism with calcium that the use of magnesium sulfate in clinical practice is based. Unlike magnesium, calcium is an extracellular macronutrient.

Its content outside the cell is 25 times higher than inside the cell. This difference (gradient) is due to the action of the enzyme calcium-dependent ATPase, which pushes calcium out of the cell.

The flow of calcium from outside to inside the cell along a gradient is ensured by specific carrier proteins. These transporters are located on the cell membrane, interact with calcium, and transport it into the cell. These transporters are called calcium channels.

The physiological role of calcium is diverse. It strengthens cell membranes and reduces their permeability, ensuring bone strength. The entry of calcium into smooth muscle cells triggers the interaction of contractile proteins, actin and myosin, which leads to contraction of smooth muscles in various organs and anatomical structures.

In addition, calcium ensures neuromuscular transmission - the transfer of impulses from nerve fibers to skeletal muscles.

This happens as follows. There is a gap junction or synapse between a nerve fiber and a muscle fiber. The nerve impulse is transmitted through the synapse thanks to acetylcholine. This biologically active substance is located in the presynaptic (located in front of the synapse) nerve fiber in microscopic vesicles or vesicles.

Under the influence of calcium, acetylcholine is released from the vesicles into the synaptic cleft, as a result of which the impulse passes along the synapse from the nerve to the muscle.

Calcium also ensures the propagation of the impulse through the conduction system of the heart with subsequent contraction of the myocardium. The distribution of nerve impulses in the brain structures ensures adequate functioning of the CNS (central nervous system). At the same time, it should be noted that many pathological processes in the central nervous system and in other organs and tissues occur with the participation of calcium.

Contraction of the muscular lining of small peripheral arteries (atherioles) leads to their spasm and an increase in blood pressure (BP). Contraction of the heart (coronary) vessels against the background of intravascular atherosclerosis and thrombosis leads to myocardial infarction. A similar process in the cerebral vessels is manifested by ischemic stroke.

Myocardial infarction and cerebral stroke can be regarded as a disaster. The severity of damage in these diseases is further aggravated by the so-called. the phenomenon of theft.

This phenomenon is characterized by the fact that the blood is in areas of narrowing and rushes mainly to where the lumen of the vessels is normal. Coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction are often complicated by arrhythmias.

Some of the arrhythmias, for example, ventricular extrasystole, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, are life-threatening, and are also caused by excessive calcium activity.

Increased excitation processes in the central nervous system, in which calcium also plays a significant role, is accompanied by sleep disturbances, feelings of anxiety and fear. Pathological generation of impulses in some parts of the central nervous system leads to the development of muscle cramps.

Increased contractility of the smooth muscles of the pregnant uterus can lead to miscarriages and premature birth.

Magnesium, being a calcium antagonist, blocks calcium channels, and thereby prevents the extracellular penetration of calcium with the development of corresponding pathological effects. Under the influence of magnesium, arterioles relax and blood pressure decreases, which is especially important for hypertension.

The expansion of the lumen of the coronary vessels is accompanied by an improvement in blood supply to the myocardium. In addition, it has been found that magnesium prevents the formation of intravascular blood clots. Therefore, the risk of developing cerebral strokes and myocardial infarction after taking magnesium sulfate is reduced.

By dilating the coronary and cerebral vessels, the phenomenon of stealing is eliminated. Magnesia also protects blood vessels from damage in severe diseases, in particular diabetes.

Magnesium sulfate will slow down the conduction of impulses through the myocardium, and thereby prevent the development of severe arrhythmias. Blockade of calcium channels in the central nervous system is accompanied by the inhibitory effect of magnesium on brain structures, followed by sedation. Irritability and anxiety disappear, sleep normalizes. Therefore, magnesium is rightly called the anti-stress element or the metal of calm.

In contrast to calcium, magnesium inhibits the release of acetylcholine and slows neuromuscular transmission. This property of magnesium is used to eliminate convulsive syndrome.

Magnesia has a tocolytic effect - it relaxes the maca and reduces its contractility. Sedative, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic, tocolytic and hypotensive effects make magnesium sulfate the drug of choice for conditions such as acute ischemic cerebrovascular accidents, traumatic brain injuries, and eclampsia.

The latter condition is a severe form of late toxicosis of pregnancy (preeclampsia) with increased blood pressure, generalized vascular spasm and convulsions.

At the same time, an overdose of mania sulfate is also fraught with complications - severe uncontrollable hypotension, respiratory and cardiac depression, and inhibition in the central nervous system. Therefore, the recommended dosages should be strictly followed.

Magnesium sulfate is poorly absorbed in the intestine, and therefore, to achieve the required effects, it is used by injection - intramuscularly, intravenously by stream, and intravenously by drip. When administered intravenously, it is often included in the so-called. polarizing mixture with glucose, inulin, and potassium. Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of glucose, and at the same time potassium and magnesium.

Most of the magnesium taken orally is not absorbed, but remains in the intestinal lumen. At the same time, the osmotic pressure in the intestine increases, water is released into the intestinal lumen. The volume of intestinal contents increases, peristalsis increases reflexively, and all contents come out.

The laxative effect is accompanied by increased flow of bile, caused by relaxation of the smooth muscles of the biliary tract and the release of the hormone cholecystokinin by the duodenal mucosa under the influence of magnesium. Magnesia is also used as an antidote (antidote) for poisoning with heavy metal salts. When magnesium reacts with these salts, non-toxic and harmless sulfates are formed, which are excreted through the intestines.

A little history

Magnesia sulfate was isolated from mineral spring water back in 1695. The new substance, which has a bitter taste, was called Epsom salt, which was used as a laxative over the following centuries. In the twentieth century, the role of magnesium in physiological processes was further established and an injection form of the drug was synthesized, which is actively used in Russia and abroad.

Synthesis technology

Magnesium sulfate is obtained through chemical reactions of magnesium compounds (oxide, hydroxide, carbonate) with sulfuric acid.

Interesting Facts

Some weight loss methods recommend magnesia as a laxative. They say that an increase in stool volume will automatically lead to weight loss. But everything is much more complicated. The problem is that the systematic use of laxatives will be complicated over time by chronic irritation and inflammation of the intestines. With feces, not only ballast substances are excreted, but also those that are necessary for normal digestion and metabolism.

Release forms

Powder for oral administration;
Ampoules of 25% solution 5 and 10 ml.

Occasionally you can find a 20% concentration of the drug or 20 ml ampoule. Magnesia is produced by many Russian pharmaceutical companies under the generic name of the active substance. There are no generics. In addition to magnesium sulfate, magnesium in the form of various compounds and in combination with other substances is present in such pharmaceutical preparations as Panangin, Asparkam, Magne B6, Magnerot, as well as in numerous dietary supplements.

Indications for use

For injection:

Hypertensive crisis;
Encephalopathy;
Ventricular extrasystole and paroxysmal tachycardia;
Eclampsia, eclamptic convulsions;
Epilepsy;
Other conditions accompanied by convulsive syndrome;
Urinary retention;
Threat of premature birth;
Poisoning with salts of heavy metals;
Conditions with an increased need for magnesium - pregnancy, stress, increased sweating, youthful growth, recovery from serious illnesses;
Manifestations of magnesium deficiency (hypomagnesemia) – decreased myocardial contractility, arrhythmias, convulsive syndrome;
Prevention of hypomagnesemia due to poor nutrition, alcohol abuse, long-term use of contraceptives and diuretics.

For oral administration:

Constipation;
Bowel cleansing before diagnostic procedures;
Duodenal sounding;
Cholangitis, cholecystitis;
Biliary dyskinesia of the hypotonic type;
Poisoning with salts of heavy metals.

Dosages

The injection solution is administered intramuscularly, slowly intravenously, or intravenously by drip. In the latter case, I dissolve it in saline solutions or in a polarizing mixture. Adults are administered 5-20 ml 1-2 times a day. The maximum dose for adults in terms of dry matter is 40 g. For children, the daily dose of administered magnesium sulfate is selected at the rate of 20-40 mg/kg.

Orally, for a laxative effect, take 10-30 mg of powder, previously dissolved in half a glass of warm water. Children take 1 g/kg. The drug is taken at night or on an empty stomach. For a choleretic effect, a 25% solution of Magnesium sulfate is taken orally, 1 tablespoon 3 times a day, and during duodenal intubation, 50 ml of a 25% solution is injected into the gastric tube.

Pharmacodynamics

Only 20% of magnesium sulfate taken orally is absorbed in the intestines. When administered intramuscularly or intravenously, it is distributed in all tissues of the body and penetrates the brain through the blood-brain barrier. When administered intravenously, the effect develops almost instantly and lasts half an hour; when administered intramuscularly, it develops after 1 hour and lasts 3-4 hours. Defecation after oral administration occurs within 4-6 hours. The drug is excreted by the kidneys. The rate of excretion depends on the concentration of magnesium in the blood plasma. When excreted in urine, a slight diuretic effect is observed.

Side effects

For intramuscular and intravenous administration:

Cardiovascular system: decreased blood pressure, bradycardia, slowing of cardiac conduction up to cardiac arrest.
Respiratory system: shortness of breath, paralysis of the respiratory center.
Central nervous system: headache, dizziness, general weakness, increased fatigue, confusion, diplopia (double vision), severe sedation, slurred speech, suppressed tendon reflexes, convulsions.
Gastrointestinal tract: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, exacerbation of existing inflammatory diseases of the stomach and intestines, cramping abdominal pain, flatulence, thirst.
Skin: hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating).
Kidneys: polyuria (increased volume of urine excreted).
Reproductive system: uterine atony.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to magnesium sulfate;
Hypotension;
Bradycardia;
Slowing of atrioventricular conduction;
Severe chronic renal failure;
Depression of the respiratory center;
Prenatal period – 2 hours before birth;
For oral administration – intestinal obstruction, rectal bleeding, appendicitis, general dehydration.

Interaction with other drugs

Peripheral muscle relaxants – enhance the effect of these drugs.
Tetracyclines slow down the absorption of these drugs in the intestine.
Gentamicin is a risk of respiratory arrest due to an increase in the concentration of magnesium in the blood plasma.
Nifedipine – muscle weakness.
Anticoagulants, cardiac glycosides, phenothiazine derivatives – a decrease in the effectiveness of these drugs.
Calcium chloride or calcium gluconate - used as an antidote (antidote) for an overdose of Magnesium sulfate.

Pregnancy and lactation

Magnesium sulfate penetrates the placental barrier and is therefore contraindicated during pregnancy. In obstetric practice, it is used, but according to strict indications (preeclampsia, eclampsia against the background of high blood pressure and convulsive readiness). Magnesium sulfate penetrates into breast milk, and its concentration in milk is 2 times higher than in blood plasma. Therefore, it is also contraindicated during breastfeeding. Otherwise, feeding is stopped.

Storage

Store at a temperature not exceeding 250C. Shelf life – 5 years. The drug can be dispensed without a doctor's prescription.

Overdose

Overdose with intravenous administration is manifested by the disappearance of the knee reflex, a sharp decrease in blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, bradycardia, respiratory and central nervous system depression.

calcium gluconate / chloride solution intravenously slowly (antidote), oxygen therapy , artificial respiration, symptomatic therapy.

Overdose when taken orally - diarrhea . Symptomatic treatment is carried out.

Interaction

Use with cardiac glycosides increases the risk of AV block; with muscle relaxants , neuromuscular blockade increases. When used together with vasodilators, the hypotensive effect is enhanced. The likelihood of depression of the respiratory center and central nervous system increases when used with barbiturates and narcotic analgesics .

Calcium salts reduce the effect of the drug. A precipitate is formed with clindamycin phosphate , polymyxin B , hydrocortisone , procaine hydrochloride , salicylates Ca2+ preparations , ethanol , strontium salts , arsenic acid , barium .

Advantages and disadvantages

Advantages of magnesium sulfate as a fertilizer:

absolute compatibility with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, with humic nutrients, and with multicomponent mineral additives;
there is no nitrogen in the composition, it is added throughout the season (in July and August, nitrogen is undesirable for plants);
an overdose is practically impossible - the plant will extract exactly as much beneficial nutritional microflora as it needs; the remainder goes into stock;
an excellent “antidepressant” for plants - the drug protects green mass from aggressive sunlight, increases the resistance of perennials to cold and frost;
fertilizer is affordable.

Use during pregnancy

The drug is used during pregnancy when there is a threat of premature birth. As an anticonvulsant with a hypotensive effect, it is the drug of choice for the treatment and prevention of seizures in eclampsia . Therapy is started if diastolic blood pressure is > 130 mm Hg. Art. Magnesium therapy is carried out for another 24–48 hours after birth. The criteria for stopping therapy are the disappearance of seizures, the absence of hyperreflexia and convulsive readiness, a persistent decrease in blood pressure, and normalization of diuresis. The use of this drug during labor is contraindicated because it reduces the contractile activity of the myometrium.

Analogs

Level 4 ATC code matches:
Calcium Chloride

Calcium chloride

Sodium chloride

Potassium chloride

Rheosorbilact

Reamberin

Magnesium sulfate-Darnitsa , Cormagnesin .

Reviews of Magnesium Sulfate

Magnesium Sulfate powder is often used as a laxative, reviews of which are contradictory. The laxative effect manifests itself differently in everyone: more or less pronounced. Many people note a significant increase in peristalsis and the occurrence of abdominal pain. Not everyone can drink the bitter, unpleasant solution, which sometimes causes vomiting.

It must be remembered that taking the drug is contraindicated in case of cholelithiasis or low blood pressure . This product has a good effect when performing blind probing.

Magnesium Sulfate is used for weight loss - reviews are given below.

Application of magnesium sulfate as fertilizer

Due to the good solubility of the drug, diluting a working solution of magnesium sulfate for feeding at home is not difficult. It is important to follow the sequence of actions, the recommended rate of fertilizer consumption and take into account the types of soil and the seasonal needs of the plant.

External signs of micronutrient deficiency in plants

In addition to the basic NPK complex (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), all plants without exception need microelements:

magnesium;
sulfur;
calcium;
iron.

Reference . The chlorophyll molecule contains a magnesium atom - a necessary element for the growth and development of plants (just like iron for humans).

The deficiency of these microelements usually manifests itself in the second half of the season - from mid-June to the end of August.

It is important to add magnesium sulfate in advance during spring tillage, without waiting for the consequences of magnesium deficiency. As compensation, it is permissible to use fertilizing throughout the season.

Characteristic signs of magnesium deficiency:

the appearance of leaf chlorosis, when the interveinal space of the leaf plate turns pale; the leaf is covered with a marble pattern, the edging gradually becomes brown, the leaf blade eventually dries out;
in case of acute deficiency of the element, flowering is problematic (the growing season is delayed);
the root system develops disproportionately and unevenly, the root core is elongated, lateral branches appear;
berries, fruits of trees, tomatoes and other vegetable plants do not fully ripen.

We suggest you see clearly how to treat magnesium deficiency in plants in the following video.

Signs of sulfur deficiency:

as with nitrogen deficiency, with sulfur deficiency the leaves turn yellow; Basically, young and old leaves immediately turn pale and change color; at the same time, the veins retain their rich green color;
the growth of green mass slows down, the stem does not develop and becomes depleted;
necrotic spots appear on the leaf blade;
root shoots become discolored, branch, and shoots die.

How to apply fertilizer

Mode of application of magnesium sulfate as a fertilizer:

as the main nutritional element, they are introduced in April or September for digging ;
for feeding (root and foliar) plants, apply from late May to August .

Magnesium sulfate is applied to the soil for loosening immediately before planting tomato and vegetable seedlings. The depth of embedding is no more than 7-10 cm .

Watering garden plants (tomato, pepper) at the roots will strengthen the root system and give impetus to the development of green mass of seedlings.

Magnesium deficiency is often found in tomatoes in greenhouses. Along with nutritional complexes, magnesium supplementation is used at the rate of 5-7 g per 1 square meter. m .

Magnesium, getting into the soil cover, combines with carbonates and phosphates and somewhat slows down its effect. Spraying with fertilizer is an express method of replenishing magnesium.

Even the pharmaceutical preparation of magnesium sulfate is used to spray green mass. Treatment is carried out in the early morning hours, in cloudy weather or after sunset. For the best effect, experienced gardeners advise putting caps on the conifers after spraying to avoid being burned by aggressive rays.

Spraying is useful for decorative garden flowers. Roses, geraniums, and pelargonium need additional magnesium supplementation.

Dosage and consumption rate

To fertilize the soil, use no more than 12-15 g (acceptable rate is up to 20 g) of magnesium sulfate per 1 square meter. m.

Magnesium Sulfate for weight loss

Before any diet, it is advisable to cleanse the intestines and this remedy is used once. Why can’t you often resort to this method of cleansing the intestines? Magnesium sulfate irritates the gastrointestinal mucosa, disrupts the water-salt balance and, with frequent use, leads to dysbacteriosis . It was said above how to take the powder to cleanse the intestines.

To lose weight, you can take baths by adding a glass of powder or more to the bath. Bath time is 15-20 minutes. You need to take a bath before going to bed, for a course of 15 procedures, carried out 2 times a week. After the procedure, you need to cover yourself with a warm blanket to achieve profuse sweating. The effect is that excess fluid is removed, swelling is eliminated and metabolic processes are accelerated. The weight loss effect occurs due to fluid loss, but after a while everything comes back. Many consider this method as an emergency means for losing weight - reviews confirm this.

Magnesium sulfate (magnesium sulfate)

Magnesium sulfate

(
magnesium sulfate
),
MgSO4
- magnesium salt of sulfuric acid.
In medicine, magnesium sulfate acts as a vasodilator, sedative, and osmotic laxative. In pharmaceuticals, magnesium sulfate is often used as magnesium sulfate heptahydrate
(MgSO4 7H2O), which in the past was called
Epsom salt
or
bitter salt
.
A solution of magnesium sulfate is often called magnesium sulfate
.

Magnesium sulfate - medicine

Magnesium sulfate is the international nonproprietary name (INN) of the drug. According to the pharmacological index, magnesium sulfate is included in the groups “Macro- and microelements”, “Vasodilators” and “Sedatives”. According to ATC, magnesium sulfate is included, in particular:

in section “A06 Laxatives”, group “A06AD Osmotic laxatives” and has code A06AD04
in the section “A12 Mineral Supplements”, group “A12CC Magnesium Preparations” and has code A12CC02
in section “B Drugs affecting hematopoiesis and blood”, subsection “B05 Plasma replacement and perfusion solutions” and has code B05XA0
in section “D Drugs for the treatment of skin diseases” and has the code D11AX0.

The undesirable side of the action of saline osmotic laxatives, which include magnesium sulfate, is that their action extends throughout the intestine and carries the risk of electrolyte disorders, while the point of application of the “ideal laxative” should be the colon. In patients with cardiovascular and renal failure, salt osmotic laxatives can provoke volume and electrolyte overload (Shulpekova Yu.O.).

Indications for use of magnesium sulfate

Magnesium sulfate is used orally for:

constipation, as a laxative (not systematically)
cholangitis, cholecystitis, hypotonic dyskinesia of the gallbladder
the need for bowel cleansing in preparation for instrumental examinations of the colon and duodenal intubation
hypomagnesemia, in order to compensate for magnesium deficiency in the body
poisoning with heavy metal salts

Magnesium sulfate is prescribed by injection for:

treatment and prevention of hypomagnesemia due to unbalanced nutrition, taking contraceptives, diuretics, muscle relaxants, chronic alcoholism
acute hypomagnesemia (signs of tetany, myocardial dysfunction)
increased natural need for magnesium caused by pregnancy, body growth, convalescence (recovery), stress, excessive sweating
hypertensive crisis
eclampsia
encephalopathy
convulsions during gestosis
threat of premature birth
ventricular arrhythmias associated with prolongation of the QT interval
ventricular tachycardia type "pirouette"
arrhythmias due to low concentrations of potassium and/or magnesium
epileptic syndrome
urinary retention
poisoning with salts of heavy metals (mercury, arsenic, lead)

Magnesium sulfate is a bile secretion stimulant.

Magnesium sulfate is a cholekinetic and stimulates the function of the gallbladder and reduces pressure in the biliary tract (Belmer S.V. et al.). A 33% solution of magnesium sulfate is often used as a stimulator of bile secretion during a duodenal intubation procedure followed by a biochemical study of bile, which makes it possible to diagnose disorders of bile formation, bile excretion and motility of the biliary tract (Sablin O.A. et al.).

Use of magnesium sulfate by pregnant and nursing mothers

The amount of magnesium sulfate that passes through the tablet or into breast milk depends significantly on the dosage form:

for dosage forms intended for use as mineral supplements or laxatives and taken orally in recommended doses:
FDA fetal risk category for therapy in pregnant women is “A” (adequate studies have shown no risk of adverse effects on the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy and no data on the risk in the second and third subsequent trimesters)
there is no information on the penetration of magnesium sulfate into breast milk and the effect on the infant

for injection dosage forms:

FDA category of risk to the fetus when treating pregnant women is “D” (evidence has been obtained of the risk of adverse effects of the drug on the human fetus, but the potential benefits associated with the use of the drug in pregnant women may justify its use despite the risk)
if treatment is necessary, the mother must stop breastfeeding the baby

Trade names of drugs with the active ingredient magnesium sulfate

The following drugs with the active ingredient magnesium sulfate (including in the form of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate) are registered (have been registered) in Russia: Cormagnesin, Magnesium sulfate, Magnesium sulfate-Darnitsa, Magnesium sulfate solution for injection.

In the USA, medicine with the active ingredient magnesium sulfate is sold under the trade name Epsom Salt.
We recommend the article “Magnesium as a medicine.” Instructions for Ukraine (in Russian, pdf): “Instructions for medical use of the drug magnesium sulfate”, solution for injection, 04/04/2008.

In the United States, laxative medications are approved for use, intended to cleanse the intestines before colonoscopy and containing sodium sulfate among the active ingredients. One of these drugs is Suprep (active ingredients: magnesium sulfate, potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate). The illustration below provides detailed instructions (in English):

Magnesium sulfate has contraindications, side effects and application features; consultation with a specialist is necessary.

Magnesium sulfate - food additive

Magnesium sulfate, as a food additive, has code E518 and is characterized by SanPiN 2.3.2.1293-03 as a hardener. Back to section

Magnesium Sulfate price, where to buy

You can buy Magnesium Sulfate in all pharmacies in Moscow and other cities of Russia. Magnesium Sulfate powder, the price of which depends on the number of grams, costs between 38-58 rubles.

Online pharmacies in RussiaRussia
Online pharmacies in UkraineUkraine
Online pharmacies in KazakhstanKazakhstan

ZdravCity

Magnesium sulfate powder 20g pack.
Tula FactoryTula Pharmaceutical Factory LLC 20 RUR order
Magnesium sulfate solution for intravenous injection. 25% 10ml 10 pcs. Grotex LLC
43 RUR order
Magnesium sulfate solution for intravenous administration 250 mg/ml amp. 10ml 10 pcs JSC Dalkhimfarm
60 rub. order
Magnesium sulfate solution for intravenous injection. 25% 5ml 10 pcs. Grotex LLC
33 rub. order
Magnesium sulfate solution for intravenous injection. 250mg/ml amp. 5ml 10 pcs Borisov plant
45 rub. order

Pharmacy Dialogue

Magnesium sulfate (amp. 25% 5ml No. 10) BZMP
44 RUR order
Magnesium sulfate (pack 25g) Tula FF
25 rub. order
Magnesium sulfate (25g pack) Ivanovskaya Pharm. f-ka.
17 RUR order
Magnesium sulfate (amp. 25% 10ml No. 10) DHF JSC
61 rub. order
Magnesium sulfate (amp. 25% 5ml No. 10)Grotex LLC
34 RUR order

Pharmacy24

Magnesium sulfate-Darnitsa 25% 5 ml No. 10 solution
19 UAH. order
Magnesium sulfate-Darnitsa 25% 10 ml No. 10 solution
23 UAH order
Magnesium sulfate 25 g powder PrAT FF "Viola", Ukraine
9 UAH order
Magnesium sulfate 25% 10 ml N10 solution for injection
18 UAH order
Magnesium sulfate 25g powder TOV Istok-Plus, Zaporizhzhya, Ukraine
11 UAH order

PaniPharmacy

Magnesium sulfate Magnesium sulfate 25g Ukraine, Istok-Plus LLC
11 UAH order
Magnesium sulfate Magnesium sulfate pores. 25g Ukraine, Viola FF CJSC
9 UAH order
Magnesium sulfate ampoule Magnesium sulfate solution d/in. 25% amp. 10ml No. 10 Ukraine, Darnitsa ChAO
24 UAH order
Magnesium sulfate ampoule Magnesium sulfate solution d/in. 25% amp. 5ml No. 10 Ukraine, Galichfarm JSC
18 UAH order
Magnesium sulfate ampoule Magnesium sulfate solution d/in. 25% amp. 5ml No. 10 Ukraine, Darnitsa ChAO
21 UAH order

Compatibility with other fertilizers

To prevent an acute shortage of magnesium and sulfur, the fertilizer is used together with nitrogen fertilizers. In the first half of the season, it helps in the absorption of nitrogen fertilizers. For example, combined application with urea will give plants a good start.

Combination with various humates (sodium, potassium) as a growth stimulant is acceptable.

Magnesium sulfate goes well with mineral supplements:

In tank mixtures, fertilizer is mixed with phosphate fertilizers.
Simultaneous application with dolomite and complex fertilizers (azophoska, borophosphoska, diammofoska) is acceptable.
The combination of magnesium and boron is beneficial for strawberries and strawberries. In late April-early May, when leaves appear, leaf spraying is the most effective way to feed berry bushes. Special preparations are produced (for example, MagBor). For feeding, it is enough to dilute 1 tsp. of the drug in 10 liters of water and treat the plants leaf by leaf.

Advice from an experienced farmer

Tomatoes in indoor plantings often experience heat stress. Signs of heat stroke are leaves curling upward, “into a boat.”

For feeding plants and against excessive dry air, along with shading and chalk treatments of the bush in the greenhouse, a comprehensive application of magnesium sulfate and silicon additives will help. The source of silicon is liquid glass, silicate glue.

Reference . Magnesium and silicon, according to plant experts, significantly increase the heat resistance of crops. In the summer heat, green mass can withstand a temperature increase of 5-7C above permissible standards.

Preparation of the rescue solution:

1 tsp. silicate glue;
1 tbsp. l. magnesium sulfate;
the ingredients are mixed, dissolved in 1 liter of water;
Add 8-9 liters of settled water at room temperature to the mother solution, stirring continuously.

Spray the tomatoes with the prepared solution.

Caution . Silicate solutions are incompatible with tank mixtures of microelements:
iron;
copper;
calcium.