Statistics say that every second woman has suffered from thrush at least once in her life. This is not surprising, since the causative agent of the disease, a fungus from the genus Candida, is always present on the mucous membranes of the vaginal area. The disease (candidiasis) develops when optimal conditions are created for the life of the fungus, and its population rapidly increases.
Candidiasis is a common disease
Classification
The Candida family includes about one and a half hundred species of fungi. Of these, 20 species are capable of living in the human body. In 90% of cases, the disease is caused by fungi of the Candida albicans variety.
Candida is transmitted:
- during primary infection - during childbirth or during the first year of life;
- in case of secondary infection - during intimacy (almost 100% probability), through contact and household contact (underwear, household items, food).
If the word “Candida” appears in your test results, do not rush to the pharmacy. The main thing is not the presence of the fungus, but its concentration and the presence of signs of disease. Thrush manifests itself:
- in women - in the form of vulvovaginitis (colpitis);
- in men - in the form of balanoposthitis.
The main signs of thrush in women:
- itching, burning, irritation, swelling, redness of the mucous membranes;
- curdled discharge from the genitals, the smell of the discharge is sour milk;
- pain during sexual intercourse;
- burning when urinating.
If the disease is diagnosed in one “half,” everyone needs treatment. Therapy “one at a time” does not make sense - all the fungi will come back after the first intimacy.
You should not have sex until the thrush is completely cured. If the disease is diagnosed in your sexual partner, and the symptoms do not bother you, you will still have to be treated.
The main signs of infection with Candida fungus in men:
- itching, burning sensation;
- redness, swelling of the head, foreskin, whitish coating;
- pain during intercourse.
Candida is diagnosed in women and men
Candidiasis is diagnosed by:
- external signs;
- results of bacterial culture of smears from the vagina and urethra;
- PCR.
Diflucan
The drug is available in the form of capsules with different dosages, and there is also a solution for intravenous administration. Diflucan is sold without a prescription (only solution - by prescription). The active substance of the drug is fluconazole. The medicine fights most fungi of the genus Candida and cryptococci. "Diflucan" is used for acute forms of thrush and for episodes of recurring candidiasis. The drug is also prescribed to a partner after the woman has recovered.
To quickly suppress uncomplicated thrush, one tablet is enough. If the process is chronic, the doctor prescribes a course of treatment. Diflucan is easy to use, with almost no side effects, and improvement occurs within a day after taking the medicine.
Diflucan
Pfizer (Pfizer), USA
— cryptococcosis, including cryptococcal meningitis and infections of other localizations (for example, lungs, skin), incl.
in patients with a normal immune response and in patients with AIDS, organ transplant recipients and patients with other forms of immunodeficiency; maintenance therapy to prevent relapses of cryptococcosis in patients with AIDS; - generalized candidiasis, including candidemia, disseminated candidiasis and other forms of invasive candidiasis, such as infections of the peritoneum, endocardium, eyes, respiratory and urinary tract, incl. in patients with malignant tumors who are in the ICU and receiving cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs, as well as in patients with other factors predisposing to the development of candidiasis; - candidiasis of the mucous membranes, including the mucous membranes of the oral cavity and pharynx, esophagus, non-invasive bronchopulmonary infections, candiduria, mucocutaneous and chronic atrophic candidiasis of the oral cavity (associated with wearing dentures), incl. in patients with normal and depressed from 364
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What happens if thrush is not treated?
Untreated thrush can lead to serious problems.
The diagnosed disease must be treated. Despite the fact that Candida fungus is an opportunistic microorganism, the body needs help to cope with overgrown colonies and neutralize the consequences of their vital activity. Untreated disease:
among women:
- will reduce immunity, resulting in the development of secondary sexually transmitted infections;
- will provoke erosion of the mucous membrane;
- disrupts the menstrual cycle;
- will cause inflammation of the cervix.
for men:
- will lead to prostatitis, vesiculitis, which can cause infertility.
Nystatin
Nystatin was one of the first drugs against fungal infections, and it has proven itself to be excellent. The medicine is available in the form of vaginal suppositories, ointments for external use and tablets. Nystatin is prescribed and the course of treatment determined exclusively by the doctor.
"Nystatin" is prescribed only for acute uncomplicated candidiasis or for prevention. The drug stops the proliferation of the fungus, but is not absorbed into the blood. If prescribed by a doctor, it can be used in pregnant and lactating women, as well as after taking antibiotics. The risk of adverse reactions increases if the course of taking the drug is increased. These are mainly abdominal cramps and nausea.
Nystatin
OJSC Borisov Plant of Medical Preparations (Borimed), Belarus
Polyene antifungal antibiotic, highly active against yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida.
The structure of the antibiotic contains double bonds that are highly tropic to the sterol structures of the fungal cell membrane, which facilitates the incorporation of the drug molecule into the cell membrane and the formation of a large number of channels through which uncontrolled transport of electrolytes occurs; An increase in osmolarity inside the cell leads to its death. Resistance develops very slowly. from 37
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How to cure thrush in a woman?
Candida loves warm, moist places with minimal air access, so the fungus is more than comfortable on the vaginal mucosa. To get rid of an unpleasant neighborhood, you need to use the following drugs:
- local action: vaginal suppositories, tablets, creams with econazole, clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole (Clotrimazole, Pimafucort);
- systemic action: tablets, capsules with fluconazole, itraconazole (Nystatin, Fluconazole, Difluzol, Diflucan);
- drugs to strengthen the immune system, probiotics, symbiotics (Wobenzym, Lactovit, Dactiale, Derma-Pro, Vagilak, Viferon).
Untreated disease spreads quickly
On average, the course of treatment takes from 3 to 6 days. Fungal spores mature within 20 days, so a second course of treatment may be necessary. Some medications (such as Betadine) can be used during menstruation.
In 20% of cases, the treatment prescribed by the doctor does not help. If thrush continues to bother you after a week:
- This is not candidiasis. You will have to retake tests and undergo additional examinations.
- the disease is not caused by Candida albicans, but by another type of fungus that is more difficult to destroy;
- this is a relapse that is possible with diabetes, during antibiotic therapy, or reduced immunity.
If relapses of candidiasis occur more than 4 times a year, the doctor will prescribe preventative treatment.
Chronic and recurrent candidiasis requires lifestyle changes
Topical medications can cause inconvenience - leaking and staining clothes. So that they are evenly distributed over the surface of the vaginal mucosa and do not cause discomfort, it is best to use them before bed. Suppositories and tablets should be placed approximately in the middle of the vagina. Medicines placed too close will leak out, and if placed too far away they can injure the delicate cervix.
If you have thrush, douching and other methods of “washing there” are prohibited, as this causes an imbalance of the microflora.
Pimafucin
The drug has such forms of release as vaginal suppositories, cream for topical use and tablets for oral administration. The active substance of Pimafucin is natamycin, which has a powerful antifungal effect. You can buy medicine for thrush without a prescription.
Pimafucin has almost no side effects, it is as safe as possible and is prescribed for acute and chronic forms of candidiasis. As prescribed by a doctor, the drug is approved for pregnant and lactating women.
If thrush is acute, it can be eliminated with local treatment. If it is chronic candidiasis, with relapses, you also need to take a course of Pimafucin tablets. An improvement in the condition is noticeable within a day after starting treatment for thrush, but it is important to complete the course of treatment as prescribed by the doctor. At the same time, you need to treat your partner so that thrush does not recur.
Pimafucin
Astellas Pharma Inc., Japan
A modern drug for the treatment of thrush, available in different dosage forms.
One of the few antifungal agents that can be used without restrictions during pregnancy and breastfeeding. from 228
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How to avoid relapse of candidiasis?
Candida is an opportunistic microorganism that is usually present in the microflora of intimate areas. In order not to provoke its excessive reproduction again:
- strengthen your immune system;
- do not wear tight synthetic underwear;
- observe the rules of personal hygiene;
- take enough vitamins, reduce the amount of fast carbohydrates;
- reduce the amount of foods and drinks that contain mold and yeast;
- use contraception;
- avoid stress.
During treatment for thrush, you will have to adjust your diet
Regardless of lifestyle, thrush can develop:
- when hormonal levels change (pregnancy, taking birth control pills, endocrine diseases);
- after operations;
- as a result of antibiotic therapy;
- during serious illnesses;
- with vaginal dysbiosis;
- after hypothermia.
Clotrimazole
This drug is intended for topical treatment of thrush. Presented in the form of solutions, ointments, vaginal tablets. Sold in pharmacies without a prescription.
Clotrimazole is prescribed for acute candidiasis and if the disease recurs. In agreement with the doctor, Clotrimazole is used as part of complex therapy for pregnant and lactating women. The drug has a minimum of side effects, mainly discomfort in the intimate area and increased discharge. Clotrimazole cream is well suited for parallel treatment of a partner. The medicine combines well with antibiotics.
Clotrimazole
Hyperion, Romania
Clotrimazole is an imidazole derivative.
Broad-spectrum antifungal agent. Dermatophytes, yeasts (genus Candida, Torulopsis glabrata, Rhodotorula), molds, as well as the pathogen Pityriasis versicolor (lichen versicolor) and the pathogen erythrasma are sensitive to clotrimazole. from 16
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How to cure thrush in a man?
Help to overcome candidiasis:
- locally - creams with clotrimazole;
- systemically – fluconazole (drugs Fluconazole, Diflazon, Forkan, Medoflucon, Mikosist).
The duration of the average course of treatment is 5 days.
During treatment, underwear and towels should be changed daily. Hygienic procedures are carried out using products without fragrances or additives. Despite the fact that most drugs are used topically, alcohol should not be consumed during treatment.
Men are prescribed drugs of local and systemic action
Klion
"Klion" is available in the form of regular and vaginal tablets. Metronidazole is the active substance of oral tablets, metronidazole + miconazole are contained in vaginal tablets. "Klion" is sold by prescription and is prescribed for both acute and chronic forms of thrush. For better effect, the doctor can combine two forms of the drug. Locally, Klion copes well with complex types of vaginosis. The drug has some special instructions for use - the medicine cannot be used without a doctor’s prescription! At the same time, Klion has a minimum of side effects.
Klion
How to cure thrush during pregnancy?
Statistics say that Candida fungi are detected in 80% of expectant mothers. Before giving birth, you must say goodbye to them. If this event is postponed until later, the baby will become infected during childbirth. Transmission of the fungus is also possible after - during feeding or hygiene procedures. This is fraught with thrush in the mouth, in girls - on the genitals, and a series of subsequent problems with the baby’s health.
To treat expectant mothers, gynecologists prefer to use topical medications - suppositories, tablets, creams. Suppositories Pimafucin and Primafungin can be used in any trimester of pregnancy, Terzhinan tablets - in the second. Systemic drugs are prescribed if the disease cannot be cured locally. Only the doctor prescribes medications and outlines the treatment regimen, depending on the clinical picture; amateur activity is unacceptable here.
Self-medication of candidiasis is unacceptable
Prevention of thrush
To prevent yeast infection or re-infection, it is important to do the following:
- Avoid contact with anyone infected with candida.
- Strengthen immunity.
- Follow all hygiene rules very carefully;
- Detect and treat STDs promptly.
- Use barrier contraceptives.
- It is important for people who have recently cured candidiasis to follow a diet: reduce the consumption of yeast dough and cheeses with different types of mold.
- If you suspect the development of candidiasis, do not carry out self-diagnosis, but immediately consult a doctor. Only a specialist should determine how to treat candidiasis.
- Wear only natural underwear every day, which is good for ventilation.
- Do not practice douching using a syringe or other devices, as this worsens the vaginal microflora.
- Do not smoke, do not abuse alcohol.
Suppositories for thrush for pregnant women
Very often, during the period of bearing a baby, a woman notices symptoms of thrush, which manifests itself as a consequence of decreased immunity . However, many tablets and suppositories for thrush during pregnancy cannot be used at all, or they can be used very carefully and under the supervision of a doctor. Any medications for expectant mothers should be prescribed by a doctor; which suppositories can be used for pregnant women is also determined by a specialist individually.
During pregnancy, the following remedies can be used topically:
- Suppositories – Primafungin , Pimafucin .
- Combined products - Macmiror .
- Suppositories with Nystatin during pregnancy can be used in the second and third trimesters. However, suppositories with nystatin during pregnancy are sometimes ineffective.
- Clotrimazole , Rumizole - used in the second and third trimesters.
- In the second and third trimesters, Clovinal . The product Clovinal contains clotrimazole , metronidazole , and lactobacilli .
- To restore microflora, vaginal capsules Laktozhinal , and what other means pregnant women can use to restore microflora is determined by the doctor.
General information
Modern vaginal antifungal suppositories for thrush are by far the simplest and most convenient method of treating an infection caused by “attacks” of the candida fungus .
This remedy is effective because the active antifungal substance penetrates deep into the mucous membrane. As a result, the pathogen is eliminated, the inflammatory process subsides, and the most unpleasant symptoms of thrush disappear.
