Treatment tables (diets) No. 0–15 according to Pevzner: food tables and diet

Treatment tables (diets) according to Pevzner - this is a diet system created by Professor M.I. Pevzner, one of the founders of dietetics and gastroenterology in the USSR. The system is widely used in the complex treatment of diseases of patients in hospitals and sanatoriums. The tables are also of a recommendatory nature for patients when they are outside medical institutions.

The Pevzner diet system includes 15 treatment tables corresponding to certain groups of diseases. Some of the tables are divided into categories with letter designations. Categories of therapeutic diets correspond to the stage or period of the pathological process: exacerbation (height) of the disease → fading exacerbation → recovery.

Indications for the appointment of treatment tables:

Diet No. 1, 1a, 1b – stomach and duodenal ulcers; Diet No. 2 – atrophic gastritis, colitis; Diet No. 3 – constipation; Diet No. 4, 4a, 4b, 4c – intestinal diseases with diarrhea; Diet No. 5, 5a – diseases of the biliary tract and liver; Diet No. 6 – urolithiasis, gout; Diet No. 7, 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d – chronic and acute nephritis, chronic renal failure; Diet No. 8 – obesity; Diet No. 9 – diabetes mellitus; Diet No. 10 – diseases of the cardiovascular system; Diet No. 11 – tuberculosis; Diet No. 12 – diseases of the nervous system; Diet No. 13 – acute infectious diseases; Diet No. 14 – kidney disease with the passage of phosphate stones; Diet No. 15 – diseases that do not require special diets.

Table No. 0

Recommendations for product types

Indications:

• undergone surgical interventions on the gastrointestinal tract
• rehabilitation of patients in the intensive care unit
• cerebrovascular accident
• after traumatic brain injury
• for patients with infectious diseases who are in serious condition.

Diet: 5–8 times a day

Duration of appointment: as needed

Nutritional features: this diet is designed to restore the patient’s vitality, replenish nutrients and increase the overall resistance of the body. The diet is very strict.

Table No. 1

Recommendations for product types

Indications:

• peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum in the acute stage and unstable remission;
• acute gastritis;
• chronic gastritis with normal and high acidity in the stage of mild exacerbation;
• gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Diet: 4–5 times a day

Duration of appointment: at least 2–3 months

Nutrition Features:

Dishes are served in a semi-liquid or jelly-like form, warm; meat dishes and potatoes are cooked without frying. Limit the content of table salt.

Table No. 1a

Modification of the main table with a strict gentle diet that protects the gastric mucosa. This diet involves eating food in liquid, mushy and jelly-like form.

Indications:

• stomach and duodenal ulcers (severe exacerbation);
• exacerbation of chronic gastritis with severe pain;
• condition after gastrointestinal bleeding (after a strict gentle diet).

Diet: 5–6 times a day

Appointment period: several days

Recommended: milk, mucous cereal milk soups with butter; liquid, pureed, milk porridges; soft-boiled eggs or steam omelettes; steam soufflés from lean varieties of fish and meat; unsalted butter or olive oil, cream; berry, fruit (non-acidic) and milk jelly, carrot, fruit juices, rosehip decoction, weak tea with milk.

Salt is limited to 5–8 g, liquid - to 1.5 liters. Additionally, vitamins A, C, and group B are prescribed.

Table No. 1b

Prescribed to ensure a smooth transition from a strict gentle diet to a basic diet.

Indications:

• subacute phase of peptic ulcer and exacerbation of gastritis.

Diet: 4–5 times a day

Appointment period: several days

Nutritional features and products:

The food is prepared in a puree form, 75–100 g of crackers from premium white bread, meat and fish in the form of cutlets, quenelles, and meatballs are added. More often they give pureed milk porridges. Milk and cereal soups.

Sample menu for diet day No. 1.

• First breakfast: a steamed omelette of two eggs or two soft-boiled eggs, a glass of milk or weak tea with milk.
• Second breakfast: milk or fruit jelly.
• Lunch: Milk oatmeal slimy soup, chicken or fish steam soufflé, fruit jelly or fruit jelly.
• Afternoon snack: rosehip decoction.
• Dinner: pureed milk rice or oatmeal, milk or fruit jelly.
• At night: milk.

A medical diet is prescribed only by the attending physician , who has full knowledge of the medical history of a particular patient.

Table No. 3

Recommendations for product types

Indications:

• chronic diseases and functional bowel disorders accompanied by constipation.

Diet: 4–5 times a day

Duration of appointment: unlimited

Nutrition Features:

Food is prepared mostly unchopped, boiled in water or steamed, or baked. Vegetables and fruits are consumed raw or boiled. The diet includes cold first and sweet dishes and drinks.

Table No. 4

Recommendations for product types

Indications:

• acute and exacerbation of chronic intestinal diseases, accompanied by diarrhea (diarrhea)

Diet: 5 times a day

Appointment period: several days

Nutritional Features:

Mechanical, chemical and thermal irritants of the gastrointestinal tract are sharply limited. Products and dishes that stimulate the secretion of the digestive organs, the processes of fermentation and putrefaction in the intestines are excluded. Dishes are liquid, semi-liquid, pureed, boiled in water or steamed. Very hot and cold dishes are excluded.

Table No. 4a

Indications:

• colitis with a predominance of fermentation processes.

Diet: 5 times a day

Appointment period: several days

The composition is the same as in diet No. 4, but carbohydrate-rich foods (porridge, bread, sugar) are sharply limited and the protein content is increased due to meat dishes and pureed cottage cheese.

Table No. 4b

Indications:

• chronic colitis in the attenuation stage of the disease.

Diet: 4–6 times a day

Duration of appointment: from 1–2 months to several years

Diet features:

In contrast to the main diet, snacks are allowed (mild cheese, doctor's sausage, pate, veal, soaked herring, jellied meat, jellied tongue) and sauces (meat, vegetable and fish weak broth with dill, parsley leaves, milk bechamel sauce with the addition of a small amount of sour cream, fruit sauces, cinnamon can be used).

All dishes are boiled or steamed, pureed, slimy, and served warm.

Table No. 4b

Indications:

• acute intestinal diseases during the recovery period as a transition to a balanced diet;
• chronic intestinal diseases during the period of exacerbation;
• chronic intestinal diseases without exacerbation with concomitant lesions of other digestive organs.

Diet: 5 times a day

Duration of appointment: several months

Nutrition Features:

This diet is prescribed to provide adequate nutrition in case of intestinal dysfunction to restore the function of other digestive organs. The diet is physiologically complete with limited salt intake and a slight increase in the amount of protein foods. It excludes foods that enhance the processes of putrefaction and fermentation in the intestines, activates its secretion, as well as the secretion of the pancreas and stomach. You need to prepare dishes by steaming, crushed, or baking or boiling.

What it is

A therapeutic (medical) diet is a diet compiled for a specific disease, taking into account the disorders (functional, metabolic, pathomorphological, enzymatic) that it causes in the body. Most often, it is one of the most important parts of the therapeutic course. Its goal is to create a favorable background for the use of medications and procedures, enhance their effect, and also provide all possible assistance. Sometimes it is prescribed for prophylactic purposes, to prevent or delay the exacerbation of chronic pathologies.

Basic diets for the treatment of various diseases were developed back in 1929 by Manuil Isaakovich Pevzner (1872-1952). This is a famous therapist, professor, organizer of the Research Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, who stood at the origins of Soviet dietetics and gastroenterology. It was he who developed a system of 15 diets, which were called “healing tables,” classifying them according to the main groups of diseases. After his death, they were constantly supplemented and corrected, and letter subcategories appeared with more detailed clarification of diagnoses.

In 2003, the Department of Organization and Development of Medical Care and Sanatorium-Resort Affairs issued methodological recommendations entitled “Organization of clinical nutrition in medical institutions.” This is an official document that has become a significant breakthrough and a new revolutionary word in diet therapy. The old Pevzner power system was practically eliminated, although it formed the basis of the new standard. According to him, 15 numbered treatment tables were divided into only 5 groups.

Through the pages of history. Documents from the mid-20th century have been preserved (interrogation protocols) claiming that Pevzner conducted experiments on people in his treatment center. Some even called him a killer doctor.

Table No. 5

Recommendations for product types

Indications:

• chronic hepatitis with a benign and progressive course;
• liver cirrhosis without exacerbation;
• chronic cholecystitis;
• cholelithiasis;
• acute hepatitis and cholecystitis during the recovery period;
• other diseases accompanied by dysfunction of the liver and biliary tract.

Diet: 5 times a day

Duration of appointment: unlimited

Nutrition Features:

Dishes are mostly boiled or baked after pre-cooking. Food is prepared mainly in uncut form. Flour and vegetables for dressing are not fried, but dried.

Table No. 5a

Indications:

• acute hepatitis and cholecystitis;
• exacerbation of chronic hepatitis, cholecystitis, liver cirrhosis.

Diet: 5 times a day

Appointment period: several days

Nutritional features: nutrition is the same as with diet No. 5, but you should eat more protein-containing foods, limit foods containing fats and carbohydrates; dishes that enhance the processes of fermentation and putrefaction in the intestines, strong stimulants of bile secretion and substances that irritate the liver.

Dishes are prepared boiled, pureed, and served warm. Separate baked dishes of meat and fish, pre-boiled, without crust, are allowed.

Recommendations and prohibitions for the 1st table

Soup-pre is easily over-poisoned

When organizing dietary meals “table 1”, you must adhere to two basic rules:

1. Strictly and without deviation follow the nutritional principles defined by the diet.
2. Stick to a basic list of permitted and prohibited products.

Such symbiosis in the organization of diet helps to significantly reduce the mechanical, chemical and thermal load on the gastrointestinal tract, which contributes to the accelerated treatment of existing ailments. For example, a well-organized first table increases the rate of regeneration of affected tissues, reduces existing inflammation and leads to normalization of the secretory-motor function of the stomach.

In this paragraph of the article, we will pay attention to the permitted and prohibited foods for dietary food “table 1”. The first group should include:

• From protein foods - all types of lean dietary meat (from rabbit to veal), low-fat fish, liver and tongues of animals, dishes from low-fat types of minced meat, steamed meat, eggs (but no more than two or three per day).
• From foods rich in carbohydrates - almost all vegetables (potatoes, cauliflower, greens, etc.), steamed or boiled, any fruits with a soft structure (baked apples, plums, pears), cereals, flour products for cooking, dried bread, cookies.
• From fatty foods - butter without salt and vegetable oils.

By the way, the consumption of dairy products is not prohibited. If desired, you can include any dairy product in your diet - from milk to cheese. The main thing is that it is not too fatty and is well accepted by the stomach in terms of absorption.

As for drinks, it is better to give preference to juices, decoctions, green tea, compotes and fruit drinks. Now that everything is clear about permitted food, let’s turn our attention to the list of prohibited foods. These include:

1. any broths;
2. fatty types of dishes (some types of fish, caviar, meat);
3. mushrooms;
4. cereal;
5. canned food;
6. products made from butter or puff pastry;
7. coffee, cocoa and black tea;
8. vegetables that are difficult to digest;
9. soda of all types (from Narzan to lemonade);
10. alcoholic drinks;
11. sauces for food (mayonnaise, ketchup, etc.);
12. any other food not included in the permitted list.

Important! Table 1 and its varieties “1a”, “1b” do not have any differences in terms of the food products used. These diets differ only in calorie content and duration of adherence.

Table No. 7

Recommendations for product types

Indications:

• acute nephritis in the recovery phase;
• chronic nephritis without exacerbation;
• nephropathy of pregnant women and other diseases requiring a salt-free diet.

Diet: 4–5 times a day

Duration of appointment: long

Nutritional features: the diet is complete, practically no different from the diet of a healthy person. Patients are advised not to abuse protein foods (up to 0.8–0.9 g/kg) and somewhat limit salt (7–8 g/day).

Table No. 7a

Indications:

• acute and chronic nephritis in the acute stage;
• terminal chronic renal failure.

Diet: 5 times a day

Appointment period: several days

Nutritional features: modification of the basic diet with the complete exclusion of salt, severe restriction of fluid and protein.

Table No. 7b

Indications:

• recovery period after acute kidney inflammation;
• CRF.

Diet: 5 times a day

Duration of appointment: from several days to several months

Nutritional features: modification of the basic diet with restriction of salt and protein, is transitional from No. 7a to No. 7

Tables No. 7v and No. 7d

Prescribed to persons with severe nephrotic syndrome and those on hemodialysis, respectively.

They represent a modification of the basic diet with increased protein content.

Consultation on therapeutic nutrition (diets 1-15 according to Pevzner)

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3.3.
The operator ensures that the content and volume of the processed personal data corresponds to the stated purposes of processing and, if necessary, takes measures to eliminate their redundancy in relation to the stated purposes of processing.

3.4.

The operator processes biometric personal data subject to the written consent of the relevant subjects of personal data, as well as in other cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

3.5.

The Operator does not process special categories of personal data relating to race, nationality, political views, religious or philosophical beliefs.

3.6.

The Operator does not carry out cross-border transfer of personal data.

Purposes of collecting personal data

4.1. Personal data is processed by the Operator for the following purposes:

• ensuring the organization of medical care to the population, as well as the most complete fulfillment of obligations and competencies in accordance with Federal Laws of November 21, 2011 No. 323-FZ “On the fundamentals of protecting the health of citizens of the Russian Federation”, dated April 12, 2010 No. 61-FZ “On circulation of medicines”, Rules for the provision of paid medical services by medical organizations, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of October 4, 2012 No. 1006;
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• preserving the life and health of employees of LLC "Clinic of Immunology and Allergology No. 1" during their work activities and identifying health problems and medical contraindications to work among employees of LLC "Clinic of Immunology and Allergology No. 1" (including examination for medical contraindications to driving a vehicle ), as well as compliance with the requirements of current legislation for the investigation and recording of accidents that occurred with employees of LLC “Clinic of Immunology and Allergology No. 1”;
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• feedback from subjects of personal data, including processing of their requests and appeals, informing about the operation of the Site;
• monitoring and improving the quality of the Operator’s services, including those offered on the Site;
• maintaining personnel work and organizing records of the Operator’s employees, regulating labor and other relations directly related to them;
• generation of statistical reporting;
• carrying out economic activities;
• implementation of other functions, powers and duties assigned to the Operator by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

Legal grounds for processing personal data

5.1. The legal grounds for the processing of personal data by the Operator are:

• Constitution of the Russian Federation;
• Labor Code of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2001 No. 197-FZ;
• Code of the Russian Federation on Administrative Offenses dated December 30, 2001 No. 195-FZ;
• Federal Law of November 21, 2011 No. 323-FZ “On the protection of the health of citizens in the Russian Federation”;
• Federal Law of July 27, 2006 No. 149-FZ “On information, information technologies and information protection”;
• Federal Law of July 27, 2006 No. 152-FZ “On Personal Data”;
• Requirements for the protection of personal data during their processing in personal data information systems (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of November 1, 2012 No. 1119);
• Regulations on the specifics of processing personal data carried out without the use of automation tools (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 15, 2008 No. 687);
• Administrative Regulations of the Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Communications, Information Technologies and Mass Communications for the implementation of the state function “Maintaining a register of operators processing personal data” (approved by Order of the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation dated December 21, 2011 No. 346);
• Administrative regulations for the execution by the Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Communications, Information Technologies and Mass Communications of the state function of exercising state control (supervision) over the compliance of the processing of personal data with the requirements of the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of personal data (approved by Order of the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of the Russian Federation dated 11/14/2011 No. 312);
• The composition and content of organizational and technical measures to ensure the security of personal data during their processing in personal data information systems (approved by Order of the Federal Service for Technical and Export Control of the Russian Federation dated February 18, 2013 No. 21);
• The composition and content of organizational and technical measures to ensure the security of personal data during their processing in personal data information systems using cryptographic information protection tools necessary to fulfill the requirements established by the Government of the Russian Federation for the protection of personal data for each level of security (approved by the Order of the Federal Service Security of the Russian Federation dated July 10, 2014 No. 378).
• statutory documents of the Operator;
• agreements concluded between the Operator and subjects of personal data;
• consent of personal data subjects to the processing of personal data;
• other grounds when consent to the processing of personal data is not required by law.

Procedure and conditions for processing personal data

6.1. The processing of personal data by the Operator is carried out in the following ways:

• non-automated processing of personal data;
• automated processing of personal data with or without transmission of received information via information and telecommunication networks;
• mixed processing of personal data.

6.2.
List of actions performed by the Operator with personal data: collection, systematization, accumulation, storage, clarification (updating, changing), use, distribution (including transfer), depersonalization, blocking, destruction, as well as carrying out any other actions in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

6.3.

The processing of personal data is carried out by the Operator subject to obtaining the consent of the subject of personal data (hereinafter referred to as Consent), with the exception of cases established by the legislation of the Russian Federation when the processing of personal data can be carried out without such Consent.

6.4.

The subject of personal data decides to provide his personal data and gives Consent freely, of his own free will and in his own interest.

6.5.

Consent is given in any form that allows you to confirm the fact of its receipt. In cases provided for by the legislation of the Russian Federation, Consent is issued in writing.

6.6.

The condition for terminating the processing of personal data may be the achievement of the purposes of processing personal data, the expiration of the Consent or withdrawal of Consent by the subject of personal data, as well as the identification of unlawful processing of personal data.

6.7.

Consent may be revoked by written notice sent to the Operator by registered mail.

6.8.

When processing personal data, the operator takes or ensures the adoption of the necessary legal, organizational and technical measures to protect personal data from unauthorized or accidental access to it, destruction, modification, blocking, copying, provision, distribution of personal data, as well as from other unlawful actions in relation to personal data.

6.9.

The storage of personal data is carried out in a form that makes it possible to identify the subject of personal data for a period no longer than required by the purposes of processing personal data, except in cases where the period for storing personal data is established by federal law, an agreement to which a party, beneficiary or guarantor, under which is the subject of personal data.

6.10. When storing personal data, the Operator uses databases located on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Updating, correction, deletion and destruction of personal data, responses to requests from personal data subjects for access to personal data

7.1.

If the fact of inaccuracy of personal data or the illegality of their processing is confirmed, the personal data must be updated by the Operator, or their processing must be stopped accordingly.

7.2.

The fact of inaccuracy of personal data or illegality of their processing can be established either by the subject of personal data or by the competent government bodies of the Russian Federation.

7.3.

At the written request of the subject of personal data or his representative, the Operator is obliged to provide information about the processing of personal data of the specified subject by him. The request must contain the number of the main document identifying the subject of personal data and his representative, information about the date of issue of the specified document and the issuing authority, information confirming the participation of the subject of personal data in relations with the Operator (contract number, date of conclusion of the contract, conventional verbal designation and (or) other information), or information otherwise confirming the fact of processing of personal data by the Operator, signature of the subject of personal data or his representative. The request can be sent in the form of an electronic document and signed with an electronic signature in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation.

7.4.

If the request of the personal data subject does not reflect all the necessary information or the subject does not have access rights to the requested information, then a reasoned refusal is sent to him.

7.5.

In the manner provided for in clause 7.3, the subject of personal data has the right to demand that the Operator clarify his personal data, block it or destroy it if the personal data is incomplete, outdated, inaccurate, illegally obtained or is not necessary for the stated purpose of processing, as well as take measures provided by law to protect your rights.

7.6.

When the goals of processing personal data are achieved, as well as in the event that the subject of personal data withdraws Consent, personal data is subject to destruction if:

• The operator has no right to carry out processing without the Consent of the subject of personal data;
• otherwise is not provided for by the agreement to which the subject of personal data is a party, beneficiary or guarantor;
• otherwise is not provided for in another agreement between the Operator and the subject of personal data.

Collection of personal data using the site

8.1.

The website of Clinic of Immunology and Allergology No. 1 LLC uses “cookies” and collects the following information about visitors in order to improve the site: IP address of the visitor, date and time of visiting the site, types of browser and operating system, type and model of mobile device.

8.2.

When using electronic services and providing personal data through the website of Clinic of Immunology and Allergology No. 1 LLC, the user’s information will not be used by Clinic of Immunology and Allergology No. 1 LLC for any other purposes other than to meet his specific needs.

8.3.

By using this site and/or providing LLC “Clinic of Immunology and Allergology No. 1” with his personal data, the site user agrees to the processing of his personal data under the conditions provided for in this Policy.

8.4.

In case of disagreement with this Policy, the user should not use this site and provide LLC “Clinic of Immunology and Allergology No. 1” with his personal data.

Final provisions

9.1.

All relations relating to the processing of personal data that are not reflected in this Policy are regulated in accordance with the provisions of the legislation of the Russian Federation.

9.2.

The operator has the right to make changes to this Policy. When changes are made to the current edition, the date of the last update is indicated. The new edition of the Policy comes into force from the moment it is posted on the Site, unless otherwise provided by the new edition of the Policy.

9.3.

This Policy is subject to publication on the official website https:// https://smartclinic59.ru//. The current version of the Policy on paper is stored at the address: 614000, Perm region, Perm, st. Pushkina, 6.

Table No. 8

Recommendations for product types

Indications:

• obesity as a primary disease or concomitant with other diseases that do not require special diets.

Diet: 5–6 times a day

Duration of appointment: long

Nutrition Features:

Reducing the caloric content of the diet due to carbohydrates, especially easily digestible ones. and, to a lesser extent, fats (mainly animal) with normal protein content. Restriction of free fluid, sodium chloride and appetite-stimulating foods and dishes. Increased dietary fiber content. Dishes are prepared boiled, stewed, baked. Use sugar substitutes for sweet foods and drinks.

Table No. 9

Recommendations for product types

Indications:

• mild to moderate diabetes mellitus;
• establishing tolerance to carbohydrates;
• selection of doses of insulin or other drugs.

Diet: 5 times a day

Duration of appointment: sometimes for life

Dietary features: dishes are served boiled, baked, steamed, fried - to a limited extent.

Table No. 11

Recommendations for product types

Indications:

• tuberculosis of the lungs, bones, lymph nodes, joints with a mild exacerbation or its attenuation, with low body weight;
• exhaustion after infectious diseases, surgery, injuries.

Diet: 4–5 times a day

Duration of appointment: 1–2 months or more

Nutrition Features:

The diet has a high energy value with a high content of proteins, minerals and vitamins.

General information

If a person is sick, then, in most cases, he “bet” on drug treatment. However, the correct approach to treating any ailment should be based on an integrated approach. That is, in the treatment process, the medication regimen, the patient’s lifestyle, and, without a doubt, his diet are important. The Pevzner diet involves proper organization of nutrition during the treatment of various diseases. This nutritional system not only promotes healing, but also helps prevent relapses and avoid exacerbations. The article below will discuss the nutritional system developed by nutritionist Mikhail Pevzner and which helps modern doctors successfully heal various diseases.

Table No. 15

Recommendations for product types

Table No. 15 is indicated for diseases in which there is no need for therapeutic diets. This diet is physiologically complete, while spicy and hard-to-digest foods are excluded. You should consume 90 g of protein, 100 g of fat and 400 g of carbohydrates per day. You can eat almost all foods, except for fatty poultry and meat, mustard, pepper and refractory fats of animal origin.

Indications:

• diseases that do not require a special diet

Diet: 4 times a day

Duration of appointment: unlimited