Alpizarin tablets 100 mg – description of the drug, instructions for use, reviews

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Manufacturers: Pharmcenter Vilar

Active ingredients

• Tetrahydroxyglucopyranosylxanthene

Disease class

• Recurrent oral aphthae
• Anogenital herpetic infection, unspecified
• Cytomegalovirus disease, unspecified
• Herpetic eczema
• Herpetic gingivostomatitis and pharyngotonsillitis
• Herpetic infection, unspecified
• Chicken pox [varicella]
• Shingles

Clinical and pharmacological group

• Not indicated. See instructions

Pharmacological action

• Antiviral
• Antibacterial
• Immunomodulatory
• Bacteriostatic

Pharmacological group

• Antiviral (except HIV) drugs

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

Pharmacodynamics

The active ingredient of the drug is obtained from the herb kopeck. It has antiviral activity against DNA-containing viruses, pathogens of herpes simplex , and, to a lesser extent, human immunodeficiency virus and CMV . It has a slight bacteriostatic effect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis , bacteria and protozoa.

The mechanism of action is based on the suppression of bacterial nuclease, while there is no pronounced inhibitory effect on viral neuraminidase. The drug stimulates cellular and humoral immunity, promotes the production of interferon gamma .

Alpizarin does not have a mutagenic, allergenic, irritating or teratogenic effect.

Pharmacokinetics

Alpizarin is quickly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Bound 70–90% by blood proteins. In the blood plasma, the active substance is determined within 0.5–5 hours after administration, and its maximum concentration is observed after 1 hour. Urinary excretion is insignificant (0.1%).

Determining the individual sensitivity of a particular patient's blood cells to immunoactive drugs is an addition to the method for determining IFN status. Cell sensitivity is assessed by the increase in type II titers (IFN-γ) after exposure of peripheral blood leukocytes to this drug in vitro. The study of interferon status parameters with determination of sensitivity to drugs is used to select effective therapy when using exogenous interferon drugs, interferon inducers and immunomodulators. Laboratory testing of IFN status over time helps to assess the correctness of treatment tactics and predict the outcome of the disease.

Synonyms Russian

Selection of effective immunotherapy, monitoring the state of innate immunity.

Research method

Determination of biological activity to protect a cell culture monolayer from the CPD of the virus.

What biomaterial can be used for research?

Venous blood.

How to properly prepare for research?

• Children under 1 year of age should not eat for 30-40 minutes before the test.
• Do not eat for 2-3 hours before the test; you can drink clean still water.
• Do not smoke for 30 minutes before the test.

General information about the study

Interferon (IFN) is the collective name for a number of protein compounds that are necessary to protect the body from infections and are an important component of innate nonspecific immunity. When viruses or other pathogenic substances enter the body, interferons activate intra- and extracellular mechanisms necessary for resistance or suppression of infection.

There is a classification of interferons, according to which they are divided into 3 types - alpha, beta and gamma interferons, each of which has its own characteristics both in structure and in the functions performed. Interferons alpha and beta are most similar and form class I type, interferons gamma – type II.

Interferon-alpha (leukocyte) is considered the main one, produced by leukocytes synthesized in response to the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms. Main functions: antiviral (prevents the division of viral particles), activation of natural killer T-killers of the immune system, antitumor (by reducing cell proliferation and activating their apoptosis).

Interferon-beta (fibroblastic) is formed in stimulated fibroblasts and performs functions similar to interferon-alpha.

Interferon-gamma (immune) is synthesized by T-lymphocytes and natural killer cells, also has antiviral and antitumor effects, but its main function is immunomodulatory (regulates the entire complex of immune responses in response to microorganism invasion).

After a viral particle enters the body, its cells begin to actively produce interferon. IFN does not have a direct antiviral effect, but is capable of activating cellular processes that block the division and spread of the virus. In addition, mechanisms of apoptosis of affected cells and protection of uninfected cells from possible effects are induced. Also, interferons (mainly gamma) promote the activation of the immune system to fight infection and control all cascades of reactions that occur during this process.

Currently, interferon preparations are widely used in medicine as antiviral agents, which provide the same biological effects as innate interferons synthesized in the body.

There is another group of drugs called interferon inducers, usually coming from the outside; they are capable of stimulating the synthesis and release of their own interferons and can induce the synthesis of a specific type of interferon or all of them at once, depending on the required indications for use.

There are also immunomodulators - substances that are able to control the processes and reactions of the immune system, usually aimed at strengthening existing immunity.

There are many drugs from all these groups, which differ somewhat in indications and purposes.

It is also necessary to note the presence of the interferon status of the body, the assessment of which allows one to draw conclusions about the state of the immune system, its potential and reserve capabilities in acute or chronic infectious processes. Assessment of IFN status is important, since interferon preparations, its inducers and immunomodulators are often used in the treatment of various infectious diseases. IFN status involves determining the biological functional activity of type I (alpha and beta) and type II (gamma) interferons and the level of biologically active interferon in the blood with determination of sensitivity to drugs. The study helps to evaluate the innate interferon system in the body and, if necessary, correctly prescribe appropriate therapy.

The study of the biological activity of IFN status is based on determining the antiviral effect of interferons in a biological test system (consists of a cell culture and a test virus with its damaging effect). As a result, the following indicators are determined:

• serum (circulating) IFN, which is a combination of all types of IFN and the excess of which indicates an acute inflammatory process;
• Type I IFN (alpha + beta) reflects the body's potential antiviral activity; in acute infectious diseases its decrease is most pronounced;
• Type II IFN (gamma) reflects the state of the immune system; its decrease occurs predominantly in chronic immune-mediated disease.

Determination of sensitivity to certain antiviral drugs, as a rule, is carried out in conjunction with an assessment of IFN status and involves determining the individual susceptibility of the body to a particular drug. The results of the study allow us to optimally select therapy in each specific case and achieve the most effective response to it.

Indications for the study of IFN status with determination of sensitivity to drugs:

• acute and chronic forms of viral infections;
• recurrent (repeating) opportunistic infections (caused by opportunistic microorganisms);
• examination of children who fall into the group of frequently ill people;
• diagnosis of congenital and acquired defects of the interferon system;
• allergic and autoimmune diseases;
• selection of the most sensitive antiviral drugs for the treatment of a particular disease.

It is important to note that the results of the study must be assessed in conjunction with data from the clinical picture, anamnesis and other methods of laboratory and instrumental diagnostics. Interpretation is carried out only by a doctor in each clinical case individually.

Tetrahydroxyglucopyranosylxanthene, the active ingredient in alpizarin, has an antiviral effect against herpes simplex and herpes zoster viruses, cytomegalivirus, and there are also some studies on the effect of the drug on the human immunodeficiency virus. The immunomodulatory effect of the drug is due to the activation of the cellular and humoral components of the immune system and the induction of interferon gamma. In addition, alpizarin has the ability to inhibit the growth of certain bacteria, fungi and protozoa.

The use of alpizarin is recommended after assessing the body’s immune status and determining sensitivity to this drug.

What is the research used for?

• Selection of the most effective immunotherapy;
• development of an individual regimen for the use of drugs for personalized treatment;
• monitoring of treatment and prognosis of disease outcome;
• in vitro diagnostics and monitoring of the state of innate immunity - assessment of the state of nonspecific resistance of the body.

When is the study scheduled?

• Development of individual treatment regimens with interferon inducers;
• assessment of the feasibility of interferon-stimulating therapy;
• with long-term use of immunomodulatory drugs to monitor IFN status indicators;
• assessment of innate immunity in diseases of various etiologies.

What do the results mean?

Interferon-gamma is a key cytokine, the level of production of which reflects the intensity of the cellular antiviral and antibacterial immune response.

The activity of the drug is assessed in comparison with the activity of type II IFN without this drug, which makes it possible to judge the sensitivity of human blood leukocytes to the drug under study.

Depending on the value of the indicator of IFN-γ production by leukocytes in the presence of drugs, according to the IFN status of a particular patient, the following degrees of sensitivity are distinguished:

The results of a study of the functional biological activity of IFN by blood leukocytes must be considered in conjunction with anamnesis data, clinical data and the results of other diagnostic studies.

Indications for use

Alpizarin is indicated for the treatment of primary infections and secondary infections of the mucous membranes and skin with herpes viruses (causative agents of simple and genital herpes ), treatment of herpes zoster ; CMV infections , Kaposi's eczema ; genital warts and warts ; lichen planus and chickenpox .

Alpizarin, instructions for use (Method and dosage)

Alpizarin tablets - adults and adolescents take 1-2 tablets three times a day without reference to meals; children 1–6 years old - 0.5–1 tablet three times a day, 6–12 years old — one tablet three times a day.

Alpizarin ointment - apply topically to the affected area 5% ointment for adults and 2% ointment for children 5-6 times a day; Apply only 2% ointment to the mucous membranes. For single rashes of various forms of herpes simplex outside the genital localization, the ointment is applied to the affected area for 4-5 days; in the presence of fever , profuse rashes, lymphadenopathy - apply ointment and take pills at the same time for 1-2 weeks. For genital herpes , the ointment is applied to areas of the affected mucous membrane or skin for a week 4-6 times a day. In case of relapse, take additional tablets for 1-2 weeks.

For diseases of viral etiology of the oral mucosa, take tablets at the same time and apply 2% ointment to the mucous membrane for 1-2 weeks, for lichen planus of the oral mucosa - for 15-30 days. For herpes zoster - tablets and ointment on the affected area for 1-3 weeks. In case of relapses, repeat the course of treatment.

Ointment for external use Alpisarin ointment (Alpisarin ointment)

Instructions for medical use of the drug

Description of pharmacological action

An antiviral agent obtained from the herb kopeck.

Indications for use

Herpes simplex (acute and recurrent forms of extragenital and genital localization); Kaposi's eczema herpetiformis; cytomegalovirus infection; viral diseases of the oral mucosa, incl. aphthous stomatitis; shingles; chicken pox.

Release form

ointment for external use 2%; aluminum tube 10 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 5%; aluminum tube 10 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 2%; aluminum tube 20 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 2%; dark glass jar (jar) 10 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 2%; dark glass jar (jar) 20 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 5%; aluminum tube 20 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 5%; dark glass jar (jar) 10 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 5%; dark glass jar (jar) 20 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 2%; aluminum tube 10 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 5%; aluminum tube 10 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 2%; aluminum tube 20 g, cardboard pack 1. ointment for external use 5%; aluminum tube 20 g, cardboard pack 1.

Pharmacodynamics

It has antiviral activity against herpes simplex viruses, Herpes zoster, Varicella zoster, CMV, and human immunodeficiency virus. The inhibitory effect of Alpizarin® on virus reproduction is especially evident in the early stages. Alpizarin® has a moderate bacteriostatic effect against staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, tuberculous mycobacteria and parasitic protozoa - Entamoeba histolitica and Trichomonas vaginalis. The mechanism of action of the drug is based on the suppression of bacterial nuclease, without a pronounced inhibitory effect on viral neuraminidase. Alpizarin® has anti-inflammatory and immunostimulating properties in relation to cellular and humoral immunity, and the ability to induce the production of interferon gamma in blood cells. Alpizarin® is a low-toxic substance and does not have allergenic, mutagenic, teratogenic or irritating properties.

Pharmacokinetics

Rapidly absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract. In the blood, the unchanged drug is determined in concentrations of 0.05–4.5 μg/ml within 0.5–5 hours after administration, with Cmax (4.5 μg/ml) achieved 1 hour after administration of the drug. Urinary excretion does not exceed 0.1%.

Use during pregnancy

Contraindicated during pregnancy.

Contraindications for use

Individual intolerance; pregnancy.

Side effects

Allergic reactions are possible.

Directions for use and doses

Locally: 4–6 times a day, for skin lesions - 5% ointment for adults, 2% ointment for children; on the mucous membranes of adults and children - only 2% ointment. Apply the ointment in a thin layer and rub in lightly. For acute and recurrent forms of herpes simplex of extragenital localization: for single rashes, the ointment is applied to the affected area for 3–5 days; for widespread rashes, fever, lymphadenopathy - simultaneously in the form of 0.1 g tablets and ointment for 5-14 days. For Kaposi's eczema herpetiformis and cytomegalovirus infection: in complex therapy in the same age-specific dosages for 7–21 days. For genital herpes: apply 2% ointment to the affected areas 4-6 times a day for 7-10 days. In the case of a recurrent course of the disease, additional tablets are prescribed for 5–14 days. For viral diseases of the oral mucosa, incl. aphthous stomatitis, orally in the indicated age dosages and at the same time in the form of an ointment (on the affected areas of the oral mucosa) - 2% ointment for 5–15 days; for erosive-ulcerative form of lichen planus of the oral mucosa - for 2–4 weeks. For diseases caused by Herpes zoster (shingles) and Varicella zoster (chickenpox): tablets (in the same age-specific dosages) and 2% (children) or 5% (adults) ointment on the affected areas for 5–21 days. In case of relapses, repeat courses. To prevent relapses of herpes viral infections, tablets are prescribed 1 month after the end of treatment and then in courses between relapses of 10–14 days.

Interactions with other drugs

Not studied.

Special instructions for use

Tablets are usually prescribed in combination with ointment. The therapeutic effect is most pronounced when prescribed in the initial period of the disease or relapse.

Storage conditions

In a place protected from light, at a temperature of 12–15 °C.

Best before date

60 months

ATX classification:

D Dermatotropic drugs

D06 Antimicrobials for the treatment of skin diseases

D06B Other antimicrobials for external use

D06BB Antiviral drugs

Alpizarin's analogues

Level 4 ATC code matches: Aldara
Viru-Merz Serol

Zovirax Duo-Active

Acyclovir

Fenistil Pencivir

Bonafton

Zovirax

Atsik

Herpferon

Epigen Intim

Lysozyme

Gerpevir

Kondilin

Virolex

Gevisosh

According to the mechanism of action and belonging to the same pharmacological group, analogues of Alpizarin are: Giporamin , Allokin-alpha , Ingavirin , Viracept , Nikavir , Kagocel , Fuzeon , Tiloron , Ergoferon , Celsentri and others.

Alizarin price, where to buy

The price of Alpizarin in tablets No. 20 varies from 132 to 231 rubles per pack. Ointments - from 60 to 92 rubles per package. You can purchase Alpizarin tablets and ointment in most pharmacies in Moscow and other cities.

• Online pharmacies in RussiaRussia

ZdravCity

• Alpizarin tablets 100 mg 20 pcs. JSC Pharmcenter VILAR
  183 rub. order
• Alpizarin ointment 2% 10g JSC Pharmcenter VILAR

  89 rub. order

• Alpizarin ointment 5% tube 10g JSC Pharmcenter VILAR

  99 RUR order

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** The Drug Directory is intended for informational purposes only. For more complete information, please refer to the manufacturer's instructions. Do not self-medicate; Before starting to use Alpizarin tablets 100 mg, you should consult a doctor. EUROLAB is not responsible for the consequences caused by the use of information posted on the portal. Any information on the site does not replace medical advice and cannot serve as a guarantee of the positive effect of the drug.

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