Burkitt's Lymphoma | Cancer treatment in Israel

Causes of occurrence Key signs of the disease Diagnosis and innovative detection methods Treatment of Burkitt's lymphoma in Israel Advantages of treating the disease in Israel Prognosis and rehabilitation

In medicine, under the term " Burkitt's lymphoma"

"mean a malignant tumor that can appear in almost any lymphatic tissue of the human body.
This formation has a pronounced tendency to rapidly spread beyond the lymphatic system, affecting neighboring organs and causing pain. Initially, the disease was diagnosed only in the countries of Oceania or Central Africa, but recently cases of Burkitt's lymphoma
have been recorded on the European continent.

Causes

Today, experts find it difficult to give a clear answer as to what exactly provokes the occurrence of lymphomas. However, the list of main factors influencing the appearance of malignant tumors includes:

bad heredity;
exposure to ionizing radiation;
unfavorable environmental conditions;
ingestion of chemical toxins or carcinogens into the body.

Additionally to the list of causes of Burkitt's lymphoma

certain infections can be included. For example, it has been scientifically established that 95% of African children suffering from the disease in question were initially diagnosed with the disease caused by the Epstein-Barr virus. It contributed to the development of fatal tumors, especially in those who suffered from immune deficiency or constant overwork.

Forecast

This section should be updated

.
Please update this article to reflect recent events or new information available. (September 2021)

The overall cure rate for Burkitt's lymphoma in developed countries is about 90%, but is worse in low-income countries. Burkitt's lymphoma is rare in adults, who have a worse prognosis.[3]

In 2006, treatment with dose-adjusted Rituximab EPOCH showed promising initial results in a small group of patients (n = 17) with 100% response and 100% response rates. Overall survival and progression-free survival at 28 months (median follow-up).[24]

Key signs of the disease

Externally Burkitt's lymphoma

represents single or multiple neoplasms that appear on the kidneys, ovary, peritoneal cavity, pancreas, intestines, and other vital organs.
The tumor quickly increases in size, affecting soft tissues or destroying bones, as a result of which the patient may experience difficulty breathing, dizziness, and increased body temperature. Further development of Burkitt's lymphoma
leads to compression of the spinal cord roots, permanent bone fractures or paralysis. Other important signs of this disease include:

deformation of the nasal septum;
swallowing dysfunction;
intestinal obstruction or abdominal pain;
the presence of neoplasms in the jaw area, etc.

Depending on the form of development of the disease, the symptoms of Burkitt's lymphoma

may be accompanied by a number of other painful sensations, if they occur, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Treatment

Malignant Burkitt lymphoma is highly sensitive to chemotherapy. In 80% of cases, intensive high-dose polychemotherapy provides long-term remission (https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/limfoma-berkitta-klinika-diagnostika-lechenie/viewer). But relapses of LB are difficult to treat.

The main treatment method for LB is intensive PCT regimens. Additionally, symptomatic treatment is prescribed to correct electrolyte disturbances and eliminate other symptoms. In case of acute renal failure, hemodialysis sessions are performed daily.

Surgical treatment for Burkett's lymphoma is not advisable. It not only does not improve the condition, but also leads to loss of time and worsening prognosis due to prolonged rehabilitation after surgery and rapid re-growth of the tumor.

Surgical intervention is justified only in life-threatening conditions (gastrointestinal bleeding, organ perforation, intestinal obstruction

Diagnostics and innovative detection methods

In Israeli clinics, this disease is diagnosed based on several factors, the main ones of which are enlarged lymph nodes and structural changes in the epithelial composition of the affected areas. For examination, a tissue biopsy is performed on the patient under general or local anesthesia, after which the presence of malignant cells is detected. In addition, a number of studies are being conducted to help determine the stage of development of Burkitt lymphoma.

and the presence of other pathologies in the body.

If enlarged lymph nodes cannot be detected by visual examination or by palpation, then a computed tomography scan is prescribed, which makes it possible to see hard-to-reach areas of the pelvis, abdominal cavity, and chest. The unique “St Jude/Murphy” system also helps to establish the stage of development of the disease, which displays the state of the patient’s immune system based on special studies.

100% accurate diagnosis is Ichilov’s calling card

Even before the patient arrives at the clinic, his examination program is carefully planned in order to obtain the necessary information about the characteristics of the disease in the shortest possible time and begin treatment on time. Typically the diagnostic process takes only three days.

First day

Immediately upon arrival at the clinic, the patient has a consultation with the attending physician, who conducts an examination, clarifies the symptoms that are troubling the patient, and studies the medical documentation provided by the patient. At the end of the consultation, the doctor decides which diagnostic procedures the patient will undergo in Ikhilov to confirm the diagnosis.

Second day

Typically, diagnosis of lymphoma in Israel is carried out using the following methods:

CT scan. Using this method, the condition of the lymph nodes is checked.
Blood analysis. The number of lymphocytes and deviations in other parameters are assessed.
Positron emission tomography. This highly sensitive method can show the extent of the disease.
Biopsy. Based on the test results, accurate conclusions can be drawn about the presence of lymphoma, as well as its type and size.
Bone marrow puncture with cytogenetic analysis. Allows you to determine the condition of bone marrow tissue and identify the need for bone marrow transplantation.
Gallium scintigraphy. The patient is injected with a gallium radioisotope and scanned with a gamma camera.

The third day

After receiving the results of the examination, a medical consultation gathers. On this day, doctors assess the overall prognosis and collectively choose the most promising treatment regimen.

Treatment of Burkitt's lymphoma in Israel

Has proven itself in the process of getting rid of Burkitt's lymphoma

a method of chemotherapy that involves introducing various potent substances into the patient’s body that kill malignant cells.
One of these drugs was cyclophosphamide, administered intravenously in an amount of 30-40 mg/kg. The course of therapy, as a rule, includes 2-3 injections every 10-14 days (not more often).
Embiquin, also administered intravenously at 0.2-0.3 mg/kg/day, helps in the fight against Burkitt's lymphoma The course of treatment with the mentioned medication is no more than 5-6 days at the discretion of the attending physician.

In recent years, Israeli medical institutions have combined chemotherapy with antiviral drugs. The fact is that during treatment the patient’s body is exhausted and susceptible to all sorts of viral infections, which cause serious health complications and also slow down the rehabilitation process. For example, when taking cyclophosphamide and ganciclovir (sometimes foscarnet) in combination, the likelihood of various types of pathologies in the patient decreases.

An innovative way to combat the described disease, used in Israeli clinics, is the introduction of hematopoietic cells into the affected lesions. This method allows you to consolidate the effect achieved with chemotherapy and restore the functions of damaged organs in the shortest possible time.

Discussion

By 2009, 101 cases of a combination of NHL and pregnancy were described in the literature [3]. By 2013, 74 papers describing 121 clinical observations were presented in the foreign literature [15]. At the same time, in recent decades there has been an increase in the incidence of NHL, which makes this problem urgent [16–18]. The most common type of NHL diagnosed during pregnancy is primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma [16].

Basic data on pregnancy-associated NHL are limited to individual case reports, which makes it difficult to develop tactics for the treatment of lymphoma and management of pregnancy against the background of hematological malignancy [15]. The combination of LB and pregnancy is even less common; isolated similar cases have been described in the world, some of them are presented in Table 1.

Collaborative prospective studies are needed to further characterize the pathophysiological and clinical aspects of this disease, which complicates pregnancy [15].

Pregnancy management in the Russian Federation is currently carried out in accordance with Order No. 736 of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated December 3, 2007 “On approval of the list of medical indications for artificial termination of pregnancy.” Termination of pregnancy before 12 weeks. indicated for patients in the following cases: lymphomas from high-risk groups (follicular NHL, diffuse NHL, peripheral and cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, other and unspecified types of NHL, malignant immunoproliferative diseases, multiple myeloma), lymphogranulomatosis stages III–IV. In the second and third trimesters, the issue of termination of pregnancy is decided in each individual case by a council with the participation of a hematologist, oncologist, obstetrician-gynecologist, neonatologist, therapist and, of course, the mother of the unborn child and her relatives.

The standard treatment for LB are protocols that include high doses of methotrexate and cytarabine: R-Hyper-CVAD, R-CODOX–M/IVAC, NHL-BFM. However, due to their ability to penetrate the blood-placental barrier, they cannot be used during pregnancy. The R-DA-EPOCH program is included in the Russian national clinical guidelines as a protocol for patients who, due to the severity of their condition, cannot undergo more intensive chemotherapy. In our case, the choice of this chemotherapy program allowed us to achieve remission and provided the opportunity to prolong pregnancy.

Advantages of treating the disease in Israel

Today, Israeli medicine has made significant progress in the treatment of Burkitt's lymphoma.

High-tech equipment allows timely diagnosis and effective treatment of this disease at any stage of development. The list of key advantages of treatment in the mentioned country includes:

quality care and spacious rooms;
use of the latest drugs;
24-hour supervision by highly qualified doctors;
the opportunity to consult with leading experts in their field.

When primary signs of Burkitt's lymphoma

You shouldn’t delay visiting a doctor, because the likelihood of recovery directly depends on how quickly a person seeks help.

Advantages of Top Ichilov

The clinic’s oncologists and oncohematologists are first-class doctors and experts in the treatment of a variety of lymphomas. They have undergone many years of training and have exceptional experience.
Diagnostic studies are carried out using the latest laboratory technology and high-precision equipment.
Unique methods are used for treatment, ranging from highly effective chemotherapy regimens to the use of immune drugs.
Patients of the clinic live in comfortable rooms, surrounded by an atmosphere of comfort, and a personal curator-translator is engaged in interaction with doctors and translation of medical documentation.

(12 votes, average: 4.4 out of 5)

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